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1 capture factor
abbr. Cпоказатель интенсивности ( степени) захвата (число раз, в которое -12- мощность передаваемого сигнала превышает сумму мощностей остальных узлов в методе со случайным выбором мощности, когда происходит захват; всегда С >1); ср.также random power level selection schemeАнгло-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > capture factor
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2 random power level selection schemes
метод случайного выбора ( уровня) мощности (метод повышения эффективности ПРО, согласно которому любой узел в ПРО способен захватить канал с ненулевой вероятностью; поскольку все узлы используют один и тот же канал, у них шансы захвата канала одинаковы; при передаче узел случайным образом выбирает излучаемую мощность из заданного числа значений); см. также capture factorАнгло-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > random power level selection schemes
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3 вагон-электростанция
1) Military: mobile power ( plant) car2) Engineering: generator car, mobile power car, power car3) Power engineering: power capture4) Electrical engineering: car-powerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > вагон-электростанция
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4 toma
f.1 feed.2 dose.3 capture.4 inlet.toma de corriente ( Elec) power point, socket5 take (Cine) (plano).toma de exteriores location shot6 photo, photograph, shot, snapshot.7 intake, inlet.8 takeover, taking, overtaking.9 spigot.10 swallowing, ingestion.11 socket.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: tomar.* * *(aquí tienes) here you are, here————————1 (acción) taking2 MEDICINA dose3 MILITAR capture5 (grabación) recording6 CINEMATOGRAFÍA take, shot\toma de conciencia awarenesstoma de corriente power pointtoma de muestras samplingtoma de posesión takeover* * *noun f.1) taking2) intake3) dose4) capture, seizure* * *1. SF1) (Téc) [de agua, gas] (=entrada) inlet; (=salida) outlettoma de aire — air inlet, air intake
toma de antena — (Radio, TV) aerial socket
toma de tierra — earth (wire), ground (wire) (EEUU)
2) (Cine, TV) shot¡escena primera, tercera toma! — scene one, take three!
3) [de jarabe, medicina] dose; [de bebé] feed4) (Mil) (=captura) taking, capturela toma de Granada — the taking o capture of Granada
6)toma de decisiones — decision-making, decision-taking
toma de hábito — (Rel) taking of vows
toma de posesión, mañana tendrá lugar la toma de posesión del nuevo presidente — the new president will take office tomorrow
toma de tierra — (Aer) landing, touchdown
2.SM* * *1)a) (Mil) capture, takingb) (de universidad, fábrica) occupation; ( de tierras) seizure2) (Cin, Fot) shot3) ( de medicamento) dose4) ( de datos) gathering; ( de muestras) taking5) ( en yudo) hold6) (AmL) ( acequia) irrigation channel•* * *= shot, seizure, take, inlet.Ex. Each video shot is logged using text descriptions, audio dialogue, and cinematic attributes.Ex. Penalties that can be imposed range from seizure and forfeiture of the articles and the means by which they were produced to fines or imprisonment.Ex. Bibliographic information required includes: types of recordings listed; location of recording sessions; matrix numbers; takes or take numbers; issue dates; and types of index contained in the discography.Ex. The cell arrival processes on the inlets of the switching element are of a bursty nature.----* apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support.* árbol para la toma de decisiones = decision tree.* hoja de toma de datos = checklist [check-list], data sheet [datasheet].* imposibilidad de toma de decisiones = undecidability.* posibilidad de toma de decisiones = decidability.* reacio a la toma de riesgos = risk-averse.* sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.* toma de aire = air intake.* toma de apuntes = note-taking.* toma de conciencia = realisation [realization, -USA], reality check.* toma de contacto entre expertos = meeting of (the) minds.* toma de corriente = outlet, socket, socket outlet, light socket.* toma de decisiones = decision making [decision-making], decision taking.* toma de decisiones con conocimiento de causa = informed decision making.* toma de decisiones fundadas = informed decision making.* toma de iniciativas = initiative taking.* toma de luz = outlet, power point, socket, socket outlet.* toma de medidas = action.* toma de notas = note-taking.* toma de riesgos = risk-taking, calculated risk-taking.* toma de tierra = earthing.* toma de turnos en la conversación = turn-taking [turntaking].* toma eléctrica = outlet, socket, electrical outlet.* toma falsa = outtake.* Tomás de Aquino = Thomas Aquinas.* toma y daca = give and take.* * *1)a) (Mil) capture, takingb) (de universidad, fábrica) occupation; ( de tierras) seizure2) (Cin, Fot) shot3) ( de medicamento) dose4) ( de datos) gathering; ( de muestras) taking5) ( en yudo) hold6) (AmL) ( acequia) irrigation channel•* * *= shot, seizure, take, inlet.Ex: Each video shot is logged using text descriptions, audio dialogue, and cinematic attributes.
Ex: Penalties that can be imposed range from seizure and forfeiture of the articles and the means by which they were produced to fines or imprisonment.Ex: Bibliographic information required includes: types of recordings listed; location of recording sessions; matrix numbers; takes or take numbers; issue dates; and types of index contained in the discography.Ex: The cell arrival processes on the inlets of the switching element are of a bursty nature.* apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support.* árbol para la toma de decisiones = decision tree.* hoja de toma de datos = checklist [check-list], data sheet [datasheet].* imposibilidad de toma de decisiones = undecidability.* posibilidad de toma de decisiones = decidability.* reacio a la toma de riesgos = risk-averse.* sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.* toma de aire = air intake.* toma de apuntes = note-taking.* toma de conciencia = realisation [realization, -USA], reality check.* toma de contacto entre expertos = meeting of (the) minds.* toma de corriente = outlet, socket, socket outlet, light socket.* toma de decisiones = decision making [decision-making], decision taking.* toma de decisiones con conocimiento de causa = informed decision making.* toma de decisiones fundadas = informed decision making.* toma de iniciativas = initiative taking.* toma de luz = outlet, power point, socket, socket outlet.* toma de medidas = action.* toma de notas = note-taking.* toma de riesgos = risk-taking, calculated risk-taking.* toma de tierra = earthing.* toma de turnos en la conversación = turn-taking [turntaking].* toma eléctrica = outlet, socket, electrical outlet.* toma falsa = outtake.* Tomás de Aquino = Thomas Aquinas.* toma y daca = give and take.* * *A1 ( Mil) capture, takingla toma de la Bastilla the storming of the Bastille2 (de una universidad, fábrica) occupationla toma de tierras por los campesinos the occupation o seizure of lands by the peasantsB1 ( Fot) shot2 ( Cin, TV):unas tomas magníficas del paisaje some magnificent shots of the countrysideel director quiere repetir esa toma the director wants to do that take againC (de un medicamento) doseD (de datos) gathering, collecting, collection; (de muestras) takingla toma de decisiones the taking of decisions, the decision-makingE (en yudo) hold(muy guapo) to be easy on the eye, to be a real looker ( colloq); (muy sabroso) to be very tasty ( colloq)Compuestos:(de una máquina) intake, inlet; (grifo) faucet ( AmE), tap ( BrE); (para incendios) hydrant; (de una acequia) point where water can be drawn offair intake, air inlet( Bolsa) profit-takingfuel intake, fuel inletesta toma de conciencia del problema the fact that people have become aware o conscious of the problem, this new awareness of the problem(contacto) contact; (contacto inicial) first o initial contactno ha habido toma de contacto entre ellos there has been no contact between them, they have not been in contact(wall) socket, power point, outlet ( AmE)(de un presidente) inauguration; (de ministros) swearing-in ceremony(en un cargo): el día de mi toma de posesión the day I took up my postsu toma de postura sorprendió a mucha gente his stance surprised many peopleesta toma de postura de la Iglesia the adoption of this stance by the Church, the fact that the Church has adopted o taken this stanceA ( Elec) ground ( AmE), ground wire ( o connection etc) ( AmE), earth ( BrE), earth wire ( o connection etc) ( BrE)B ( Aviac) landing, touchdownmasculine (intercambio de favores, servicios) give-and-take; (en un combate, una prueba) cut-and-thrust* * *
Del verbo tomar: ( conjugate tomar)
toma es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
toma
tomar
toma sustantivo femenino
1
( de tierras) seizure
2 (Cin, Fot — imagen) shot;
(— acción de filmar) take
3 ( de medicamento) dose
4 ( de datos) gathering;
( de muestras) taking;
5 (AmL) ( acequia) irrigation channel
6a)
tomar ( conjugate tomar) verbo transitivo
1 ( en general) to take;
la tomé de la mano I took her by the hand;
toma lo que te debo here's what I owe you;
¿lo puedo toma prestado? can I borrow it?;
tomó el asunto en sus manos she took charge of the matter;
toma precauciones/el tren/una foto to take precautions/the train/a picture;
tomale la temperatura a algn to take sb's temperature;
toma algo por escrito to write sth down;
toma algo/a algn POR algo/algn to take sth/sb for sth/sb;
¿por quién me has tomado? who o what do you take me for?;
lo tomó a mal/a broma he took it the wrong way/as a joke;
eso toma demasiado tiempo that takes up too much time
2
◊ ¿qué vas a toma? what are you going to have?
3 (esp AmL)
4 ( apoderarse de) ‹fortaleza/tierras› to seize;
‹universidad/fábrica› to occupy
5 ( adquirir) ‹ forma› to take;
‹ aspecto› to take on;
‹velocidad/altura› to gain;
‹ costumbre› to get into
6 ( cobrar):◊ le he tomado cariño a esta casa/a la niña I've become quite attached to this house/quite fond of the girl
7 ( exponerse a):
toma (el) sol to sunbathe;
vas a toma frío (CS) you'll get o catch cold
verbo intransitivo
1 ( asir):◊ toma, aquí tienes tus tijeras here are your scissors;
tome, yo no lo necesito take it, I don't need it
2 (esp AmL) ( beber alcohol) to drink
3 (AmL) (ir) to go;
toma a la derecha to turn o go right
4 [ injerto] to take
tomarse verbo pronominal
1 ‹vacaciones/tiempo› to take;
2 ‹molestia/libertad› to take;◊ tomase la molestia/libertad de hacer algo to take the trouble to do sth/the liberty of doing sth
3 ( enf)
‹helado/yogur› to have
4 ‹autobús/tren/taxi› to take
5 (Med)
b) ( caus):
6 ( caus) (esp AmL) ‹ foto› to have … taken
7 ( enf) ( reaccionar frente a) ‹comentario/noticia› to take;
8 (Chi) ‹universidad/fábrica› to occupy
toma sustantivo femenino
1 (acción de tomar) taking
(de datos) gathering
(de una ciudad, un edificio) taking, occupation
Mil capture
toma de posesión, investiture
2 Cine Fot shot
(secuencia) take
3 (dosis) dose
4 Elec toma de corriente, power point, US socket
toma de tierra, earth, US ground
5 toma de conciencia, awareness, realization
tomar verbo transitivo
1 (coger, agarrar) to take: tomó mi mano, he took my hand
toma las llaves, here are the keys
2 (autobús, taxi, etc) to take, catch: tomé el ascensor, I took the lift o elevator
tengo que tomar el próximo tren, I have to catch the next train
3 (alimentos) to have
(bebidas) to drink
(medicinas) to take
4 (adoptar) to take, adopt: tomaron medidas desesperadas, they took desperate measures
5 (tener cierta reacción) no lo tomes a broma, don't take it as a joke
6 (juzgar) no me tomes por idiota, don't think I'm stupid
(confundirse) le tomaron por Robert Redford, they mistook him for Robert Redford
7 (el aire, el fresco, etc) to get
tomar el sol, to sunbathe
8 (en carretera) decidió tomar la autopista, he decided to take the motorway
9 (apuntes, notas) to take
10 (fotos) to take
11 Av tomar tierra, to land, touch down 12 ¡toma! excl (sorpresa) well!, why!
(asentimiento) of course!
' toma' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
confianza
- licencia
- pachorra
- potingue
- sana
- sano
- tierra
- tomar
- tranquilidad
- agarrar
- cachondeo
- ligero
- toma y daca
English:
assumption
- capture
- decision making
- earth
- easy-going
- give
- give-and-take
- here
- initiative
- intake
- laugh off
- nightcap
- on
- outtake
- plenty
- plug
- power point
- retake
- seizure
- shot
- so
- socket
- take
- takeover
- treat
- turn
- turn off
- any
- decision
- drink
- hammer
- hydrant
- inaugural
- inauguration
- note
- out
- point
- power
- pride
- quits
- sit
* * *♦ nf1. [acción de tomar]toma de conciencia realization;la toma de conciencia tardó mucho tiempo it took some time for people to become aware of the true situation;toma de decisiones decision-making;toma de posesión [de gobierno, presidente] investiture;la toma de posesión será el día 25 [de cargo] he will take up his post on the 25th;alabaron la toma de posición del presidente en este tema they praised the position taken by the president on this matter2. [de biberón, papilla] feed3. [de medicamento] dose4. [de ciudad] capture;la toma del castillo the storming of the castle5. [de agua, aire] inletAm Elec toma de contacto socket, esp Br power point; Elec toma de corriente socket, esp Br power point; Elec toma de tierra Br earth, US ground6. Cine & TV [plano] taketoma falsa outtake♦ nmFamtoma y daca give and take* * *f FOT shot, take* * *toma nf1) : taking, seizure, capture2) dosis: dose3) : take, shot4)toma de corriente : wall socket, outlet5)toma y daca : give-and-take* * *toma n1. (de medicamento) dose2. (en cine) take3. (conquista) taking / capturetoma de corriente socket / power point -
5 tomar
v.1 to take.Ella toma la rama She takes the branch.Ella toma esa responsabilidad She takes that responsibility.2 to have (comida, bebida).¿qué quieres tomar? what would you like (to drink)?; (beber) what would you like (to eat)? (comer) (peninsular Spanish)3 to catch (trasporte) (autobús, tren).4 to adopt (adquirir) (actitud, costumbre).tomarle manía/cariño a algo/alguien to take a dislike/a liking to something/somebody5 to take down (apuntar) (datos, información).6 to go, to head.7 to drink. ( Latin American Spanish)Ella toma limonada She drinks lemonade.Ellos tomaron anoche They had some drinks last night.8 to require.Me toma mucho tiempo I require a lot of time.* * *1 (gen) to take2 (baño, ducha) to have, take; (foto) to take■ ¿qué tomarás? what would you like?4 (el autobús, el tren) to catch5 (aceptar) to accept, take6 (comprar) to buy, get, have7 (contratar) to take on, hire8 (alquilar) to take, rent9 (adquirir) to acquire, get into10 MILITAR to capture, take1 (encaminarse) to go, turn1 (gen) to take\lo toma o lo deja take it or leave itno te lo tomes así don't take it like thattoma (aquí tienes) here you are, here¡toma castaña! familiar take that!toma y daca figurado give and taketomar a alguien de la mano to hold somebody's handtomar a pecho to take to hearttomar afecto / tomar cariño to become fond oftomar algo a mal to take something badlytomar aliento to catch one's breathtomar decisiones to make decisionstomar el fresco to get some fresh airtomar el pelo a alguien figurado to pull somebody's legtomar el sol to sunbathetomar en cuenta to take into accounttomar en serio to take seriouslytomar forma to take shapetomar frío to catch a coldtomar la costumbre to get into the habittomar la palabra to speaktomar las aguas to take the waterstomar las de Villadiego figurado to beat ittomar nota to take notetomar partido por to take sides withtomar por (considerar) to take fortomar tierra to landtomarla con alguien familiar to have it in for somebodytomarse la molestia de to take the trouble totomarse las cosas con calma to take it easy* * *verb1) to take2) drink, have3) capture, seize•- tomarse* * *Para las expresiones tomar las aguas, tomar las armas, tomar la delantera, tomar impulso, tomar tierra, ver la otra entrada.1. VERBO TRANSITIVO1) (=coger) to take¡toma! — here (you are)!
•
vayan tomando [asiento] — please sit down, please be seated frm•
tomar la [pluma] — to pick {o} take up one's pen2) (=ingerir, consumir) [+ comida] to eat, have; [+ bebida] to drink, have; [+ medicina] to take¿qué quieres tomar? — what would you like?, what will you have?
•
tomar el [pecho] — to feed at the breast, breastfeed3) (=viajar en) [+ tren, avión, taxi] to takevamos a tomar el autobús — let's take {o} get the bus
cada día toma el tren de las nueve — he catches {o} takes the nine o'clock train every day
4) (Cine, Fot, TV) to taketomar una foto de algn — to take a photo of sb, take sb's photo
5) (=apuntar) [+ notas, apuntes] to take; [+ discurso] to take down•
nos tomaron [declaración] en comisaría — they took (down) our statements {o} they took statements from us at the police station•
tomar [por escrito] — to write down6) (=medir) [+ temperatura, pulso] to takeven, que te tomo las medidas — let me take your measurements
7) (=adoptar) [+ decisión, precauciones] to taketomaremos medidas para que no vuelva a suceder — we will take steps to ensure that it does not happen again
8) (=adquirir)color 2), conciencia 3)•
el proyecto ya está tomando [forma] — the project is taking shape9) (=empezar a sentir)la jefa la ha tomado {o} la tiene tomada conmigo — the boss has (got) it in for me
10) (=disfrutar de) [+ baño, ducha] to have, take•
tomar el [aire] {o} el [fresco] — to get some fresh air•
tomar el [sol] — to sunbathe11) (Mil) (=capturar) to take, capture; (=ocupar) to occupy12) (=contratar) [+ empleado] to take on, engage13) (=ocupar) to take14) (=entender, interpretar) to takelo tomó como una ofensa — he took offence at it, he was offended by it
•
lo han tomado a [broma] — they haven't taken it seriously, they are treating it as a joke•
no lo tomes en [serio] — don't take it seriously15) tomar a algn por (=confundir)tomar a algn por policía — to take sb for a policeman, think that sb is a policeman
¿por quién me toma? — what do you take me for?, who do you think I am?
16) [sexualmente] to have17) And (=molestar) to upset, annoy2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO1) (Bot) [planta] to take (root); [injerto] to take2) LAm (=ir)3) LAm (=beber) to drink4) [exclamaciones]¡toma! * —
¡toma! menuda suerte has tenido... — well, of all the luck!, can you believe it? what luck!
¡toma! pues yo también lo sé hacer — hey! I know how to do that too
¡toma ya! —
¡toma ya, vaya tío tan bueno! — wow, what an amazing guy! *
¡toma ya, vaya golazo! — look at that, what a fantastic goal!
5) esp LAm*•
tomó [y] se fue — off he went, he upped and went3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) (asir, agarrar) to take¿lo puedo tomar prestado? — can I borrow it?
2)a) (Mil) <pueblo/ciudad> to take, capture; < tierras> to seizeb) <universidad/fábrica> to occupy3) ( hacerse cargo de)4)a) ( beber) to drinkb) (servirse, consumir) to have¿vamos a tomar algo? — shall we go for a drink?
c) <medicamento/vitaminas> to take5) <tren/taxi/ascensor> to take; <calle/atajo> to take6)a) (medir, registrar) to taketomarle la temperatura/la tensión a alguien — to take somebody's temperature/blood pressure
b) <notas/apuntes> to takec) < foto> to take7) ( adoptar) <medidas/actitud> to take, adopt; < precauciones> to take; < decisión> to make, take8)a)tomar a alguien por esposo/esposa — (frml) to take somebody as o to be one's husband/wife
b) (esp AmL) ( contratar) to take onc) profesor <alumnos/clases> to take on9) ( confundir)tomar algo/a alguien POR algo/alguien — to take something/somebody for something/somebody
¿por quién me has tomado? — who o what do you take me for?
te van a tomar por tonto — they'll take you for a fool, they'll think you're stupid
10) ( reaccionar frente a) <noticia/comentario> to taketómalo como de quien viene — take it with a grain (AmE) o (BrE) pinch of salt
lo tomó a mal/a broma — he took it the wrong way/as a joke
11) < tiempo> to take12) ( en costura) to take in13) ( adquirir)dado el cariz que están tomando las cosas... — the way things are going...
b) <velocidad/altura> to gainc) < costumbre> to get into14) ( cobrar) <cariño/asco>tomarle algo A algo/alguien: le he tomado cariño a esta casa/a la niña I've become quite attached to this house/quite fond of the girl; les ha tomado asco a los mejillones he's gone right off mussels (colloq); justo ahora que le estoy tomando el gusto just when I was getting to like it; tomarla con alguien/algo — (fam) to take against somebody/something
15)a) ( exponerse a)tomar el aire or el fresco — to get some (fresh) air
vas a tomar frío — (RPl) you'll get o catch cold
b) <baño/ducha> to take, have2.tomar vi1) ( asir)toma, léelo tú misma — here, read it yourself
toma, aquí tienes tus tijeras — here are your scissors
tome, yo no lo necesito — take it, I don't need it
2) (esp AmL) ( beber alcohol) to drink3) (AmL) (ir) to gotomaron para el norte/por allí — they went north/that way
tomar a la derecha — to turn o go right
4) injerto to take3.tomarse v pron1) <vacaciones/tiempo> to take2) <molestia/libertad> to taketomarse la molestia/libertad de + inf — to take the trouble to + inf/the liberty of + ger
3) (enf)a) <café/vino> to drinkse toma todo lo que gana — (AmL) he spends everything he earns on drink
b) <medicamento/vitaminas> to takec) <desayuno/merienda/sopa> to eat, have; <helado/yogur> to have4) <autobús/tren/taxi> to take5) (Med)a) (refl) to takeb) (caus)tomarse la presión or la tensión — to have one's blood pressure taken
6) (caus) (esp AmL) < foto> to have... taken7) (enf) ( reaccionar frente a) <comentario/noticia> to take8) (Chi) <universidad/fábrica> to occupy* * *= capture, take, take (in/into), usurp, pull from, pull off, spring for, swig.Ex. In those early days, so the story goes, the library movement was in danger of being captured by an aristocratic intellectual class designing to make the public library an elitist center for scholarly research.Ex. If we take Cindi, Albert will almost surely grieve.Ex. For example, a computer on board a space ship, o even in some cars, takes in data, works out settings, displays results completely automatically.Ex. Peter Jackaman fears 'that public libraries have failed to grasp the opportunity which this development offered, and as result their potential role has, in many cases, been usurped by other agencies'.Ex. The data is pulled directly from all the bibliographic data bases on DIALOG that have a JN field.Ex. One of its main advantages is the potential to pull off descriptive entries onto disc to create annotated booklists.Ex. If I decide to spring for this I'll let you in on what I find out.Ex. One day she indulged in her habit of swigging too much gin before going to feed the porker and after opening its pen she slumped in a heap.----* de armas tomar = redoubtable.* desventaja del primero en tomar la iniciativa = first-mover disadvantage.* disfrutar tomando el sol = bask.* estar tomando + Fármaco = be on + Fármaco.* irse a tomar por culo = naff off.* llevar a tomar una decisión = lead (up) to + decision.* lo tomas o lo dejas = take it or leave it.* necesitar tomar cierto tipo de decisiones = require + judgement, require + judgement, require + an exercise of + judgement.* no ser para tomárselo a risa = be no laughing matter.* no tomándose a uno como el centro de referencia = ex-centric [excentric].* no tomárselo bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.* para tomar medidas = for action.* persona que toma la última decisión = decider.* primero en tomar la iniciativa = first mover.* que se toma las cosas con calma = laid-back, laid-back.* que toma parte en = involved in.* responsable de tomar decisiones = decision maker [decision-maker].* reunión para tomar café = coffee party.* salir a tomar una copa = go out for + a drink.* ser de armas tomar = be a (real) handful.* tomándose a uno como centro de referencia = centric.* tomar a Alguien bajo + Posesivo + tutela = take + Nombre + under + Posesivo + wings.* tomar a la ligera = take + lightly.* tomar aliento = draw + a breath.* tomar armas = take up + arms.* tomar a saco = take + Nombre + by storm.* tomar asiento = take + a seat (on).* tomar a sorbos = sip.* tomar atajos = take + shortcuts.* tomar cariño a = grow + fond of.* tomar carta en = get + stuck into.* tomar como ejemplo = take.* tomar como modelo = pattern.* tomar como punto de partida = build on/upon.* tomar como responsabilidad propia = take it upon + Reflexivo + to.* tomar conciencia = sensitise [sensitize, -USA], enhance + awareness.* tomar copas = tipple.* tomar decisión = make + choices.* tomar decisiones = exercise + judgement.* tomar decisiones con conocimiento de causa = make + informed decisions.* tomar decisiones fundadas = make + informed decisions.* tomar decisiones por Alguien = take + decisions in + Posesivo + name.* tomar ejemplo de = take + a lead from.* tomar el control = take + the helm.* tomar el control de = take + control of.* tomar el mando = take + the helm.* tomar el pelo = tease, twit, taunt.* tomar el poder = take + power.* tomar el pulso a Algo = take + the pulse.* tomar el relevo = hand over + the torch, pass (on) + the torch, pass (on) + the baton, take it from here.* tomar el relevo (de) = take over + the leadership (from).* tomar el relevo en el mando = take over + the helm.* tomar el relevo en el timón = take over + the helm.* tomar el sol = sunbathe, sun + Reflexivo, soak up + rays.* tomar el sol con gusto = bask.* tomar el tiempo = time.* tomar el timón = take + the helm.* tomar en consideración = allow for, take into + consideration.* tomar en sentido literal = take + Nombre + at face value, accept + Nombre + at face value.* tomar forma = take + form, take + shape, assume + form, shape up.* tomarla con Alguien = turn on + Nombre.* tomar la decisión más acertada dadas las circunstancias = do + the best thing in the circumstances.* tomar la delantera = take + a lead, take + an early lead.* tomar la iniciativa = seize + the initiative, take + initiative, take + a lead, step up.* tomar la iniciativa en + Infinitivo = take + the lead in + Gerundio.* tomar la mano = take + Posesivo + hand.* tomar la palabra sin dejar hablar a los demás = hog + the floor.* tomar la responsabilidad = take + responsibility.* tomar las decisiones = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost, set + the agenda.* tomar las riendas = take (over) + the reins.* tomar las riendas del poder = take + the reins of power.* tomarle afición a = acquire + a taste for, develop + a taste for.* tomarle el gusto a = acquire + a taste for, develop + a taste for.* tomarle el pelo a = make + fun of.* tomarle la palabra a Alguien = take + Nombre + at + Posesivo + word.* tomar medicamentos = take + drugs.* tomar medida = take + action step.* tomar medidas = follow + steps, take + precaution, take + steps, take + measures, produce + contingency plan, make + contingency plan, apply + measures, undertake + action.* tomar medidas (contra) = take + action (against).* tomar medidas correctivas = pose + corrective action, take + corrective action, take + remedial action.* tomar medidas demasiado drásticas = throw + the baby out with the bath water, throw + the baby out with the bath water.* tomar medidas de seguridad = take + safety precautions.* tomar medidas de seguridad más estrictas = tighten + security.* tomar medidas drásticas contra = clamp down on.* tomar medidas enérgicas contra = crack down on.* tomar medidas preventivas = take + preventive measures.* tomar nota = make + a note, take + note.* tomar nota de = note.* tomar otra decisión = decision to the contrary.* tomar otra dirección = branch off + on a side trail.* tomar parte = involve, take + part, become + involved.* tomar parte activa = become + involved, get + active.* tomar parte en = join in.* tomar parte en el asunto = enter + the fray.* tomar parte en en el asunto = be part of the picture.* tomar partido = take + sides.* tomar partido por = side with.* tomar partido por Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.* tomar por asalto = take + Nombre + by storm, take + Nombre + by storm.* tomar por defecto = default to.* tomar por omisión = default to.* tomar por sorpresa = storm.* tomar por término medio = average.* tomar posesión de un cargo = swear in, take + office.* tomar precaución = take + precaution, take + caution.* tomar represalias contra = retaliate against, clamp down on.* tomar represalias contra Alguien = hold + it against.* tomarse Algo a la ligera = take + Nombre + lightly.* tomarse Algo a pecho = take to + heart.* tomarse Algo con calma = take + Posesivo + time.* tomarse Algo con humor = take + Nombre + in good humour.* tomarse Algo de buen grado = take + Nombre + in good humour.* tomarse Algo en serio = take to + heart.* tomarse Algo tranquilo = take + Posesivo + time.* tomarse el tiempo que Uno necesita = take + Posesivo + time.* tomarse en serio = take + seriously, get + serious.* tomarse excedencia en el trabajo = take + leave from + employment.* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de asuntos propios = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de permiso en el trabajo = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de vacaciones = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.* tomarse interés por = take + an interest in.* tomarse la libertad de = take + the liberty of.* tomarse la molestia = take + the trouble to.* tomarse la molestia de = take + the time and effort, take + the time to + Infinitivo.* tomarse la pastilla diaria de la malaleche = take + Posesivo + daily mean pill.* tomarse las cosas a la ligera = make + light of things.* tomarse las cosas con calma = keep + a cool head, play it + cool.* tomarse la venganza = wreak + vengeance upon.* tomarse libertades = take + liberties.* tomárselo bien = take it in + Posesivo + stride.* tomárselo con calma = hang + loose, take it + easy, keep + a cool head, play it + cool.* tomárselo tranquilo = hang + loose, take it + easy.* tomarse + Tiempo + de excedencia = take + Tiempo + off from work, take + Tiempo + off.* tomarse un descanso = take + time out, take + Posesivo + break, lie on + Posesivo + oars, rest on + Posesivo + oars.* tomarse unos días de asuntos propios = take + time off work.* tomarse unos días de asuntos propios = take + time off, take + time out.* tomarse unos días de descanso = take + a break from work.* tomarse unos días de permiso = take + a leave of absence.* tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off work.* tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off, take + time out.* tomarse unos días de vacaciones = take + time off, take + time out, take + time off work.* tomarse un respiro = lie on + Posesivo + oars, rest on + Posesivo + oars.* tomarse un trago = take + a swig.* tomar tiempo = take + time, take + long.* tomar una decisión = make + decision, make + judgement, take + decision, reach + decision, make up + Posesivo + (own) mind, adopt + decision.* tomar una decisión sin conocer todos los datos = make + uninformed decision.* tomar una decisión sin consultar con nadie = take it upon + Reflexivo + to.* tomar una dirección = take + direction.* tomar una foto = snap + the camera.* tomar una fotografía = take + picture.* tomar una opción = take up + option.* tomar una postura = take + viewpoint, adopt + a stance, take + position, take + a stance.* tomar una postura firme = take + a stand (against).* tomar una postura intransigente = take + a hard stand.* tomar un atajo por = cut across.* tomar un descanso = take + a breather, take + a break from work.* tomar un gran riesgo = play (for) + high stakes, play (for) + high stakes.* tomar un papel secundario = take + a back seat.* tomar un paso decisivo = take + the plunge.* tomar un tono + Adjetivo = take on + Adjetivo + character.* ventaja del primero en tomar la iniciativa = first-mover advantage.* vete a tomar por culo = fuck off.* volver a tomar = regain, retake.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) (asir, agarrar) to take¿lo puedo tomar prestado? — can I borrow it?
2)a) (Mil) <pueblo/ciudad> to take, capture; < tierras> to seizeb) <universidad/fábrica> to occupy3) ( hacerse cargo de)4)a) ( beber) to drinkb) (servirse, consumir) to have¿vamos a tomar algo? — shall we go for a drink?
c) <medicamento/vitaminas> to take5) <tren/taxi/ascensor> to take; <calle/atajo> to take6)a) (medir, registrar) to taketomarle la temperatura/la tensión a alguien — to take somebody's temperature/blood pressure
b) <notas/apuntes> to takec) < foto> to take7) ( adoptar) <medidas/actitud> to take, adopt; < precauciones> to take; < decisión> to make, take8)a)tomar a alguien por esposo/esposa — (frml) to take somebody as o to be one's husband/wife
b) (esp AmL) ( contratar) to take onc) profesor <alumnos/clases> to take on9) ( confundir)tomar algo/a alguien POR algo/alguien — to take something/somebody for something/somebody
¿por quién me has tomado? — who o what do you take me for?
te van a tomar por tonto — they'll take you for a fool, they'll think you're stupid
10) ( reaccionar frente a) <noticia/comentario> to taketómalo como de quien viene — take it with a grain (AmE) o (BrE) pinch of salt
lo tomó a mal/a broma — he took it the wrong way/as a joke
11) < tiempo> to take12) ( en costura) to take in13) ( adquirir)dado el cariz que están tomando las cosas... — the way things are going...
b) <velocidad/altura> to gainc) < costumbre> to get into14) ( cobrar) <cariño/asco>tomarle algo A algo/alguien: le he tomado cariño a esta casa/a la niña I've become quite attached to this house/quite fond of the girl; les ha tomado asco a los mejillones he's gone right off mussels (colloq); justo ahora que le estoy tomando el gusto just when I was getting to like it; tomarla con alguien/algo — (fam) to take against somebody/something
15)a) ( exponerse a)tomar el aire or el fresco — to get some (fresh) air
vas a tomar frío — (RPl) you'll get o catch cold
b) <baño/ducha> to take, have2.tomar vi1) ( asir)toma, léelo tú misma — here, read it yourself
toma, aquí tienes tus tijeras — here are your scissors
tome, yo no lo necesito — take it, I don't need it
2) (esp AmL) ( beber alcohol) to drink3) (AmL) (ir) to gotomaron para el norte/por allí — they went north/that way
tomar a la derecha — to turn o go right
4) injerto to take3.tomarse v pron1) <vacaciones/tiempo> to take2) <molestia/libertad> to taketomarse la molestia/libertad de + inf — to take the trouble to + inf/the liberty of + ger
3) (enf)a) <café/vino> to drinkse toma todo lo que gana — (AmL) he spends everything he earns on drink
b) <medicamento/vitaminas> to takec) <desayuno/merienda/sopa> to eat, have; <helado/yogur> to have4) <autobús/tren/taxi> to take5) (Med)a) (refl) to takeb) (caus)tomarse la presión or la tensión — to have one's blood pressure taken
6) (caus) (esp AmL) < foto> to have... taken7) (enf) ( reaccionar frente a) <comentario/noticia> to take8) (Chi) <universidad/fábrica> to occupy* * *= capture, take, take (in/into), usurp, pull from, pull off, spring for, swig.Ex: In those early days, so the story goes, the library movement was in danger of being captured by an aristocratic intellectual class designing to make the public library an elitist center for scholarly research.
Ex: If we take Cindi, Albert will almost surely grieve.Ex: For example, a computer on board a space ship, o even in some cars, takes in data, works out settings, displays results completely automatically.Ex: Peter Jackaman fears 'that public libraries have failed to grasp the opportunity which this development offered, and as result their potential role has, in many cases, been usurped by other agencies'.Ex: The data is pulled directly from all the bibliographic data bases on DIALOG that have a JN field.Ex: One of its main advantages is the potential to pull off descriptive entries onto disc to create annotated booklists.Ex: If I decide to spring for this I'll let you in on what I find out.Ex: One day she indulged in her habit of swigging too much gin before going to feed the porker and after opening its pen she slumped in a heap.* de armas tomar = redoubtable.* desventaja del primero en tomar la iniciativa = first-mover disadvantage.* disfrutar tomando el sol = bask.* estar tomando + Fármaco = be on + Fármaco.* irse a tomar por culo = naff off.* llevar a tomar una decisión = lead (up) to + decision.* lo tomas o lo dejas = take it or leave it.* necesitar tomar cierto tipo de decisiones = require + judgement, require + judgement, require + an exercise of + judgement.* no ser para tomárselo a risa = be no laughing matter.* no tomándose a uno como el centro de referencia = ex-centric [excentric].* no tomárselo bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.* para tomar medidas = for action.* persona que toma la última decisión = decider.* primero en tomar la iniciativa = first mover.* que se toma las cosas con calma = laid-back, laid-back.* que toma parte en = involved in.* responsable de tomar decisiones = decision maker [decision-maker].* reunión para tomar café = coffee party.* salir a tomar una copa = go out for + a drink.* ser de armas tomar = be a (real) handful.* tomándose a uno como centro de referencia = centric.* tomar a Alguien bajo + Posesivo + tutela = take + Nombre + under + Posesivo + wings.* tomar a la ligera = take + lightly.* tomar aliento = draw + a breath.* tomar armas = take up + arms.* tomar a saco = take + Nombre + by storm.* tomar asiento = take + a seat (on).* tomar a sorbos = sip.* tomar atajos = take + shortcuts.* tomar cariño a = grow + fond of.* tomar carta en = get + stuck into.* tomar como ejemplo = take.* tomar como modelo = pattern.* tomar como punto de partida = build on/upon.* tomar como responsabilidad propia = take it upon + Reflexivo + to.* tomar conciencia = sensitise [sensitize, -USA], enhance + awareness.* tomar copas = tipple.* tomar decisión = make + choices.* tomar decisiones = exercise + judgement.* tomar decisiones con conocimiento de causa = make + informed decisions.* tomar decisiones fundadas = make + informed decisions.* tomar decisiones por Alguien = take + decisions in + Posesivo + name.* tomar ejemplo de = take + a lead from.* tomar el control = take + the helm.* tomar el control de = take + control of.* tomar el mando = take + the helm.* tomar el pelo = tease, twit, taunt.* tomar el poder = take + power.* tomar el pulso a Algo = take + the pulse.* tomar el relevo = hand over + the torch, pass (on) + the torch, pass (on) + the baton, take it from here.* tomar el relevo (de) = take over + the leadership (from).* tomar el relevo en el mando = take over + the helm.* tomar el relevo en el timón = take over + the helm.* tomar el sol = sunbathe, sun + Reflexivo, soak up + rays.* tomar el sol con gusto = bask.* tomar el tiempo = time.* tomar el timón = take + the helm.* tomar en consideración = allow for, take into + consideration.* tomar en sentido literal = take + Nombre + at face value, accept + Nombre + at face value.* tomar forma = take + form, take + shape, assume + form, shape up.* tomarla con Alguien = turn on + Nombre.* tomar la decisión más acertada dadas las circunstancias = do + the best thing in the circumstances.* tomar la delantera = take + a lead, take + an early lead.* tomar la iniciativa = seize + the initiative, take + initiative, take + a lead, step up.* tomar la iniciativa en + Infinitivo = take + the lead in + Gerundio.* tomar la mano = take + Posesivo + hand.* tomar la palabra sin dejar hablar a los demás = hog + the floor.* tomar la responsabilidad = take + responsibility.* tomar las decisiones = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost, set + the agenda.* tomar las riendas = take (over) + the reins.* tomar las riendas del poder = take + the reins of power.* tomarle afición a = acquire + a taste for, develop + a taste for.* tomarle el gusto a = acquire + a taste for, develop + a taste for.* tomarle el pelo a = make + fun of.* tomarle la palabra a Alguien = take + Nombre + at + Posesivo + word.* tomar medicamentos = take + drugs.* tomar medida = take + action step.* tomar medidas = follow + steps, take + precaution, take + steps, take + measures, produce + contingency plan, make + contingency plan, apply + measures, undertake + action.* tomar medidas (contra) = take + action (against).* tomar medidas correctivas = pose + corrective action, take + corrective action, take + remedial action.* tomar medidas demasiado drásticas = throw + the baby out with the bath water, throw + the baby out with the bath water.* tomar medidas de seguridad = take + safety precautions.* tomar medidas de seguridad más estrictas = tighten + security.* tomar medidas drásticas contra = clamp down on.* tomar medidas enérgicas contra = crack down on.* tomar medidas preventivas = take + preventive measures.* tomar nota = make + a note, take + note.* tomar nota de = note.* tomar otra decisión = decision to the contrary.* tomar otra dirección = branch off + on a side trail.* tomar parte = involve, take + part, become + involved.* tomar parte activa = become + involved, get + active.* tomar parte en = join in.* tomar parte en el asunto = enter + the fray.* tomar parte en en el asunto = be part of the picture.* tomar partido = take + sides.* tomar partido por = side with.* tomar partido por Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.* tomar por asalto = take + Nombre + by storm, take + Nombre + by storm.* tomar por defecto = default to.* tomar por omisión = default to.* tomar por sorpresa = storm.* tomar por término medio = average.* tomar posesión de un cargo = swear in, take + office.* tomar precaución = take + precaution, take + caution.* tomar represalias contra = retaliate against, clamp down on.* tomar represalias contra Alguien = hold + it against.* tomarse Algo a la ligera = take + Nombre + lightly.* tomarse Algo a pecho = take to + heart.* tomarse Algo con calma = take + Posesivo + time.* tomarse Algo con humor = take + Nombre + in good humour.* tomarse Algo de buen grado = take + Nombre + in good humour.* tomarse Algo en serio = take to + heart.* tomarse Algo tranquilo = take + Posesivo + time.* tomarse el tiempo que Uno necesita = take + Posesivo + time.* tomarse en serio = take + seriously, get + serious.* tomarse excedencia en el trabajo = take + leave from + employment.* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de asuntos propios = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de permiso en el trabajo = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de vacaciones = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.* tomarse interés por = take + an interest in.* tomarse la libertad de = take + the liberty of.* tomarse la molestia = take + the trouble to.* tomarse la molestia de = take + the time and effort, take + the time to + Infinitivo.* tomarse la pastilla diaria de la malaleche = take + Posesivo + daily mean pill.* tomarse las cosas a la ligera = make + light of things.* tomarse las cosas con calma = keep + a cool head, play it + cool.* tomarse la venganza = wreak + vengeance upon.* tomarse libertades = take + liberties.* tomárselo bien = take it in + Posesivo + stride.* tomárselo con calma = hang + loose, take it + easy, keep + a cool head, play it + cool.* tomárselo tranquilo = hang + loose, take it + easy.* tomarse + Tiempo + de excedencia = take + Tiempo + off from work, take + Tiempo + off.* tomarse un descanso = take + time out, take + Posesivo + break, lie on + Posesivo + oars, rest on + Posesivo + oars.* tomarse unos días de asuntos propios = take + time off work.* tomarse unos días de asuntos propios = take + time off, take + time out.* tomarse unos días de descanso = take + a break from work.* tomarse unos días de permiso = take + a leave of absence.* tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off work.* tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off, take + time out.* tomarse unos días de vacaciones = take + time off, take + time out, take + time off work.* tomarse un respiro = lie on + Posesivo + oars, rest on + Posesivo + oars.* tomarse un trago = take + a swig.* tomar tiempo = take + time, take + long.* tomar una decisión = make + decision, make + judgement, take + decision, reach + decision, make up + Posesivo + (own) mind, adopt + decision.* tomar una decisión sin conocer todos los datos = make + uninformed decision.* tomar una decisión sin consultar con nadie = take it upon + Reflexivo + to.* tomar una dirección = take + direction.* tomar una foto = snap + the camera.* tomar una fotografía = take + picture.* tomar una opción = take up + option.* tomar una postura = take + viewpoint, adopt + a stance, take + position, take + a stance.* tomar una postura firme = take + a stand (against).* tomar una postura intransigente = take + a hard stand.* tomar un atajo por = cut across.* tomar un descanso = take + a breather, take + a break from work.* tomar un gran riesgo = play (for) + high stakes, play (for) + high stakes.* tomar un papel secundario = take + a back seat.* tomar un paso decisivo = take + the plunge.* tomar un tono + Adjetivo = take on + Adjetivo + character.* ventaja del primero en tomar la iniciativa = first-mover advantage.* vete a tomar por culo = fuck off.* volver a tomar = regain, retake.* * *tomar [A1 ]vtA (asir, agarrar) to taketoma lo que te debo here's o this is what I owe youtoma la mía, yo no la necesito have o take mine, I don't need it¿lo puedo tomar prestado un momento? can I borrow it for a minute?la tomé de la mano para cruzar la calle I took her by the hand o I held her hand to cross the streetle tomó la mano y la miró a los ojos he took her hand and looked into her eyestomó la pluma para escribirle he picked up the/his pen to write to hertomar las armas to take up armstomar algo DE algo to take sth FROM sthtomó un libro de la estantería he took a book from the shelflos datos están tomados de las estadísticas oficiales the information is taken from official statisticsB1 ( Mil) ‹pueblo/ciudad› to take, capture; ‹edificio› to seize, take2 ‹universidad/fábrica› to occupyC(hacerse cargo de): tomó el asunto en sus manos she took charge of the mattertomó la responsabilidad del negocio he took over the running of the businesstomó a su cuidado a las tres niñas she took the three girls into her care, she took the three girls inD1 (beber) to drinkno tomes esa agua don't drink that watertomó un sorbito she took a sipel niño toma (el) pecho the baby's being breast-fed2 (servirse, consumir) to have¿vamos a tomar algo? shall we go for a drink?ven a tomar una copa/un helado come and have a drink/an ice creamno quiere tomar la sopa she doesn't want (to eat) her soupnos invitó a tomar el té/el aperitivo he invited us for tea/an aperitif¿qué tomas? what'll you have? ( colloq), what would you like to drink?¿qué vas a tomar de postre? what are you going to have for dessert?no debe tomar grasas ( Esp); he's not allowed to eat fat3 ‹medicamento/vitaminas› to takeE1 ‹tren/taxi/ascensor› to take¿por qué no tomas el tren? why don't you go by train?, why don't you take o get the train?voy a ver si puedo tomar el tren de las cinco I'm going to try and catch the five o'clock train2 ‹calle/atajo› to taketome la primera a la derecha take the first (turning) on the righttomó la curva a toda velocidad he took the curve at full speedtomar tierra to land, touch downF1 (medir, registrar) to taketomarle la temperatura/la tensión a algn to take sb's temperature/blood pressurele tomé las medidas I took her measurements2 ‹notas/apuntes› to taketomó nota del número he took o noted down the number¿quién tomó el recado? who took the message?tomarle declaraciones a algn to take a statement from sbme tomaron los datos they took (down) my detailsla maestra me tomó la lección the teacher made me recite the lesson3 ‹foto› to takele tomé varias fotos I took several photographs of hertomaron una película de la boda they filmed/videoed the weddingG1tomar a algn por esposo/esposa ( frml); to take sb as o to be one's husband/wife2 ( esp AmL) (contratar) to take onlo tomaron a prueba they took him on for a trial period3 «profesor» ‹alumnos/clases› to take on4 «colegio» ‹niño› to takeH (adoptar) ‹medidas/actitud› to take, adopt; ‹precauciones› to takeha tomado la determinación de no volver a verlo she has decided not to see him againla decisión tomada por la directiva the decision taken by the board of directorsaún no han tomado una decisión they haven't reached a decision yettomó el nombre de su marido she took her husband's nametomando este punto como referencia taking this as our reference pointI (confundir) tomar algo/a algn POR algo/algn:¿por quién me has tomado? who o what do you take me for?te van a tomar por tonto they'll take you for a fool, they'll think you're stupidme tomó por mi hermana he mistook me for my sisterJ (reaccionar frente a) ‹noticia/comentario› to takelo tomó a broma he took it as a jokeno lo tomes a mal don't take it the wrong wayK ‹tiempo› to takele tomó tres años escribir la tesis it took him three years to write his thesisun jardín tan grande toma demasiado tiempo a garden this/that big takes up too much timeL (en costura) to take in1 ‹forma› to take; ‹aspecto› to take onel pollo está empezando a tomar color the chicken's beginning to brown o to go brownno me gusta nada el cariz que están tomando las cosas I don't like the way things are going o are shaping up2 ‹velocidad› to gain, get up, gather; ‹altura› to gainechó una carrera para tomar impulso he took a running start to get some momentumse detuvo un momento para tomar aliento he stopped for a moment to get o catch his breath3 ‹costumbre› to get into4tomar conciencia: hay que hacerle tomar conciencia de la gravedad del problema he must be made to realize o be made aware of the seriousness of the problemB (cobrar) ‹cariño/asco› tomarle algo A algo/algn:le he tomado cariño a esta casa I've become quite attached to this houseahora que le estoy tomando el gusto, me tengo que ir just when I was getting to like it, I have to goles ha tomado asco a los mejillones he's taken a dislike to mussels, he's gone right off mussels ( colloq)tomarla con algn/algo ( fam); to take against sb/sthla han tomado conmigo they've taken against me, they have o they've got it in for mela tiene tomada con la pobre chica he's got o he has it in for the poor girlA1(exponerse a): tomar el aire or tomar el fresco or (CS) tomar aire to get some (fresh) airtomar el sol or (CS, Méx) tomar sol to sunbathevas a tomar frío (CS); you'll get o catch cold2 ‹baño/ducha› to take, haveestoy tomando clases de ruso I'm taking o having Russian classestomé cinco lecciones con él I had five lessons with him■ tomarviA(asir): toma, léelo tú misma here, read it yourselftoma y vete a comprar unos caramelos here you are, go and buy some candytoma, aquí tienes tu tijera here are your scissorstome, yo no lo necesito take it, I don't need it¡toma! ( Esp fam): ¡toma! ése sí que es un tío guapo hey! now that's what I call handsome! ( colloq)¿no querías pelea? pues ¡toma! you wanted a fight? well, now you're going to get one!tomá de acá ( RPl fam): ¿que le preste la bici? ¡tomá de acá! lend him my bike? no way! o like hell I will! ( colloq)¡toma ya! ( Esp fam): ¡toma ya! ¡qué estupideces dices, tío! boy o good grief o ( AmE) jeez! you really do come out with some stupid remarks! ( colloq)¡toma ya! lo ha vuelto a tirar for heaven's sake, he's knocked it over again!, jeez ( AmE) o ( BrE) for Pete's sake, he's knocked it over again! ( colloq)B ( esp AmL) (beber alcohol) to drinktomar a la derecha to turn o go rightD «injerto» to take■ tomarseA1 ‹vacaciones› to takese tomó el día libre he took the day off2 ‹tiempo› to taketómate todo el tiempo que quieras take as long as you likeB ‹molestia/trabajo›ni siquiera se tomó la molestia de avisarnos he didn't even bother to tell usse tomó el trabajo de buscar en los archivos he went to the trouble of looking through the filesme tomé la libertad de usar el teléfono I took the liberty of using your phoneya me tomaré la revancha I'll get even o I'll get my own back one of these daysC ( enf)1 ‹café/vino› to drinkse toma todo lo que gana ( AmL); he spends everything he earns on drink2 ‹medicamento/vitaminas› to take3 ‹desayuno/merienda› to eat, have; ‹helado/yogur› to havetómate toda la sopa eat up all your soupse tomó un filete ( Esp); he had a steakD ‹autobús/tren/taxi› to takeE ( Med)1 ( refl) to takese tomó la temperatura she took her temperature2 ( caus):tomarse la presión or la tensión to have one's blood pressure takenme tomé unas fotos para el pasaporte I had some photos taken for my passportG ( enf) (reaccionar frente a) ‹comentario/noticia› to takese lo tomó a broma or chiste or risa she took it as a jokese tomó muy a mal que no la llamaras she was very put out that you didn't phone herH ( Chi) ‹universidad/fábrica› to occupy* * *
tomar ( conjugate tomar) verbo transitivo
1 ( en general) to take;
la tomé de la mano I took her by the hand;
toma lo que te debo here's what I owe you;
¿lo puedo tomar prestado? can I borrow it?;
tomó el asunto en sus manos she took charge of the matter;
tomar precauciones/el tren/una foto to take precautions/the train/a picture;
tomarle la temperatura a algn to take sb's temperature;
tomar algo por escrito to write sth down;
tomar algo/a algn POR algo/algn to take sth/sb for sth/sb;
¿por quién me has tomado? who o what do you take me for?;
lo tomó a mal/a broma he took it the wrong way/as a joke;
eso toma demasiado tiempo that takes up too much time
2
◊ ¿qué vas a tomar? what are you going to have?
3 (esp AmL)
4 ( apoderarse de) ‹fortaleza/tierras› to seize;
‹universidad/fábrica› to occupy
5 ( adquirir) ‹ forma› to take;
‹ aspecto› to take on;
‹velocidad/altura› to gain;
‹ costumbre› to get into
6 ( cobrar):◊ le he tomado cariño a esta casa/a la niña I've become quite attached to this house/quite fond of the girl
7 ( exponerse a):
tomar (el) sol to sunbathe;
vas a tomar frío (CS) you'll get o catch cold
verbo intransitivo
1 ( asir):◊ toma, aquí tienes tus tijeras here are your scissors;
tome, yo no lo necesito take it, I don't need it
2 (esp AmL) ( beber alcohol) to drink
3 (AmL) (ir) to go;
tomar a la derecha to turn o go right
4 [ injerto] to take
tomarse verbo pronominal
1 ‹vacaciones/tiempo› to take;
2 ‹molestia/libertad› to take;◊ tomarse la molestia/libertad de hacer algo to take the trouble to do sth/the liberty of doing sth
3 ( enf)
‹helado/yogur› to have
4 ‹autobús/tren/taxi› to take
5 (Med)
b) ( caus):
6 ( caus) (esp AmL) ‹ foto› to have … taken
7 ( enf) ( reaccionar frente a) ‹comentario/noticia› to take;
8 (Chi) ‹universidad/fábrica› to occupy
tomar verbo transitivo
1 (coger, agarrar) to take: tomó mi mano, he took my hand
toma las llaves, here are the keys
2 (autobús, taxi, etc) to take, catch: tomé el ascensor, I took the lift o elevator
tengo que tomar el próximo tren, I have to catch the next train
3 (alimentos) to have
(bebidas) to drink
(medicinas) to take
4 (adoptar) to take, adopt: tomaron medidas desesperadas, they took desperate measures
5 (tener cierta reacción) no lo tomes a broma, don't take it as a joke
6 (juzgar) no me tomes por idiota, don't think I'm stupid
(confundirse) le tomaron por Robert Redford, they mistook him for Robert Redford
7 (el aire, el fresco, etc) to get
tomar el sol, to sunbathe
8 (en carretera) decidió tomar la autopista, he decided to take the motorway
9 (apuntes, notas) to take
10 (fotos) to take
11 Av tomar tierra, to land, touch down 12 ¡toma! excl (sorpresa) well!, why!
(asentimiento) of course!
' tomar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
adelantarse
- aire
- apetecer
- apunte
- arma
- asunto
- baño
- birra
- cachondeo
- carrerilla
- carta
- competer
- concernir
- conciencia
- contingencia
- copa
- cuerpo
- deber
- decisión
- delantera
- derivar
- desviarse
- determinar
- determinación
- drogodependencia
- especificación
- granulada
- granulado
- impulso
- iniciativa
- jugar
- mal
- meterse
- nota
- parte
- partida
- partido
- pecho
- pensar
- pito
- poder
- posesión
- precaución
- pulso
- reírse
- relevo
- represalia
- resolver
- sol
- tierra
English:
account
- action
- antidepressant
- beach
- borrow
- capture
- catch
- change
- clamp down
- coffee break
- come off
- compel
- confuse
- corner
- crack down
- crackdown
- cut across
- drink
- eight
- either
- engage in
- face value
- form
- govern
- have
- join
- join in
- jot down
- laugh off
- less
- lightly
- make
- measure
- mental
- mickey
- mind
- monotony
- muck about
- muck around
- note
- occupy
- off
- office
- pause
- precaution
- provision
- record
- rest
- retaliate
- rib
* * *♦ vt1. [agarrar] to take;me tomó de un brazo he took me by the arm;tomó el dinero y se fue she took the money and left;tómalo, ya no me hace falta take o have it, I no longer need it;toma el libro que me pediste here's the book you asked me for;Fam¡toma ésa! [expresa venganza] that'll teach you!, chew on that!2. [sacar, obtener] to take;este ejemplo lo tomé del libro I took this example from the book;fue al sastre para que le tomara las medidas he went to the tailor's to have his measurements taken;toma unos planos de la casa [con cámara] take a few shots of the house;tomar declaración a alguien to take a statement from sb;tomarle la lección a alguien to test sb on what they've learned at school;tomar unas muestras de orina/sangre (a alguien) to take some urine/blood samples (from sb);tomar la tensión/temperatura a alguien to take sb's blood pressure/temperature3. [ingerir] [alimento, medicina, droga] to take;¿qué quieres tomar? [beber] what would you like (to drink)?;Esp [comer] what would you like (to eat)?;¿quieres tomar algo (de beber)? would you like something to drink?;Esp¿quieres tomar algo (de comer)? would you like something to eat?;tomé sopa I had soup;no tomo alcohol I don't drink (alcohol)salir a tomar el fresco to go out for a breath of fresh air;RPtomar frío to catch a chill;tomó frío, por eso se engripó she caught a chill, that's why she came down with flu5. [desplazarse mediante] [autobús, tren] to catch;[taxi, ascensor, telesilla] to take;tomaré el último vuelo I'll be on the last flight;podríamos tomar el tren we could go by train;tomaron un atajo they took a short-cut6. [recibir] to take;toma lecciones de piano she is taking o having piano lessons;he tomado un curso de jardinería I've taken o done a course on gardening;toma mi consejo y… take my advice and…;¿tomas a María por esposa? do you take María to be your lawfully wedded wife?7. [apuntar] [datos, información] to take down;tomar algo por escrito to take o write sth down;el secretario iba tomando nota de todo the secretary noted everything down8. [baño, ducha] to take, to have9. [adoptar] [medidas, precauciones, decisión] to take;[actitud, costumbre, modales] to adopt;tomar la determinación de hacer algo to determine o decide to do sth;el Presidente debe tomar una postura sobre este asunto the President should state his opinion on this matter10. [adquirir, cobrar] [velocidad] to gain, to gather;las cosas están tomando mejor aspecto con este gobierno things are looking up under this government;el avión fue tomando altura the plane climbed;tomar confianza to grow in confidence, to become more assured;la obra ya está tomando forma the play is beginning to take shape;tomar fuerzas to gather one's strength;voy tomándole el gusto a esto del esquí acuático water-skiing is starting to grow on me;tomar interés por algo to get o grow interested in sth;tomarle manía/cariño a to take a dislike/a liking to;las negociaciones tomaron un rumbo favorable the negotiations started to go betterel copiloto tomó el mando the copilot took over;12. [reaccionar a] to take;¿qué tal tomó la noticia? how did she take the news?;las cosas hay que tomarlas como vienen you have to take things as they come;tómalo con calma take it easy13. [llevar] [tiempo] to take;me tomó mucho tiempo limpiarlo todo it took me a long time to clean it all14. [contratar] to take on15. [invadir] to take;las tropas tomaron la ciudad the troops took o seized the city;los estudiantes tomaron la universidad the students occupied the university17. [confundir]tomar a alguien por algo/alguien to take sb for sth/sb;lo tomé por el jefe I took o mistook him for the boss;¿tú me tomas por tonto o qué? do you think I'm stupid or something?♦ vi1. [encaminarse] to go;toma a la derecha/izquierda turn o go right/left;tomamos hacia el sur we headed south;toma por ahí/por ese camino go that way/down that road2. [en imperativo] [al dar algo]¡toma! here you are!;toma, dale esto a tu madre here, give this to your mothernecesito unas vacaciones – ¡tomar! ¡y yo! I need a Br holiday o US vacation – what, and I don't?;¡tomar ya!, ¡qué golazo! how's that for a goal?4. Am [beber alcohol] to drink* * *tomarla con alguien fam have it in for s.o. fam ;tomar el sol sunbathe;¡toma! here (you are);¡toma ya! serves you right!;¿por quién me toma? what do you take me for?;toma y daca give and take;tomar las de Villadiego fam hightail it famII v/i1 L.Am.drink2:tomar por la derecha take a right, turn right* * *tomar vt1) : to taketomé el libro: I took the booktomar un taxi: to take a taxitomar una foto: to take a phototoma dos años: it takes two yearstomaron medidas drásticas: they took drastic measures2) beber: to drink3) capturar: to capture, to seize4)tomar el sol : to sunbathe5)tomar tierra : to landtomar vi: to drink (alcohol)* * *tomar vbtoma, es tuyo here, this is yours2. (comer, beber) to have¿quieres tomar algo? would you like a drink?¿me tomas por tonto? do you take me for a fool? -
6 Ergreifung
f; meist Sg.* * *die Ergreifungseizure* * *Er·grei·fung<-, -en>f1. (Festnahme) capture2. (Übernahme) seizure* * *die; Ergreifung1) (Festnahme) capture2) (der Macht) seizure* * *2.Ergreifung der Macht seizure of power, coming to power, takeover umg* * *die; Ergreifung1) (Festnahme) capture2) (der Macht) seizure* * *f.apprehension n.capture n.seizure n. -
7 cautivar
v.1 to capture.2 to captivate, to enchant.Su belleza cautivó a Pedro Her beauty captivated Peter.3 to be captivating.Tanta belleza cautiva So much beauty is captivating.4 to be delighted to.Me cautiva oír ópera I am delighted to listen to opera.5 to be delighted by.Me cautivan tus ocurrencias I am delighted by your remarks.* * *1 to take prisoner, capture* * *verb* * *VT1) (=hacer prisionero a) (Mil) to capture, take prisoner2) (=hechizar) to captivate* * ** * *= captivate, enthral [enthrall, -USA], charm, mesmerise [mesmerize, -USA], beguile, enchant, capture + the imagination, bewitch, entrance, smite.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado smote, participio smitten. Usado comúnmente con este sentido la voz pasiva y seguido de la partícula with y también a veces by.Ex. This article suggests a number of titles which can be relied on to captivate the young reader and arouse enthusiasm for further exploration of the world of books.Ex. If one encounters a young patron who is an animal lover, the recommendation of a book such as Kipling's 'The Jungle Book' may enthrall him or her.Ex. We will see the mountains of lobster traps and the charming crooked streets and hazy seascapes that charmed painter Fitzhugh Lane.Ex. The article is entitled 'Have librarians become mesmerised by information technology?'.Ex. Beguiling as the show is, it perhaps lacks major impact because it has taken elements from lacework and painting in such a way as to avoid the fundamental challenges of both.Ex. The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.Ex. This paper describes how a middle grade school teacher uses a core list of books to capture the imagination of his students and to encourage them to write honestly about their lives.Ex. In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.Ex. Her husband is entranced with a woman who is manic-depressive.Ex. It's hard to imagine a red-blooded man anywhere in the world who could look at her and not be ' smitten' with her.----* cautivar al mundo = make + a big noise in the world.* * ** * *= captivate, enthral [enthrall, -USA], charm, mesmerise [mesmerize, -USA], beguile, enchant, capture + the imagination, bewitch, entrance, smite.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado smote, participio smitten. Usado comúnmente con este sentido la voz pasiva y seguido de la partícula with y también a veces by.Ex: This article suggests a number of titles which can be relied on to captivate the young reader and arouse enthusiasm for further exploration of the world of books.
Ex: If one encounters a young patron who is an animal lover, the recommendation of a book such as Kipling's 'The Jungle Book' may enthrall him or her.Ex: We will see the mountains of lobster traps and the charming crooked streets and hazy seascapes that charmed painter Fitzhugh Lane.Ex: The article is entitled 'Have librarians become mesmerised by information technology?'.Ex: Beguiling as the show is, it perhaps lacks major impact because it has taken elements from lacework and painting in such a way as to avoid the fundamental challenges of both.Ex: The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.Ex: This paper describes how a middle grade school teacher uses a core list of books to capture the imagination of his students and to encourage them to write honestly about their lives.Ex: In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.Ex: Her husband is entranced with a woman who is manic-depressive.Ex: It's hard to imagine a red-blooded man anywhere in the world who could look at her and not be ' smitten' with her.* cautivar al mundo = make + a big noise in the world.* * *cautivar [A1 ]vt1 (atraer) to captivatelo cautivó con su sonrisa she captivated him with her smile, he was captivated by her smile2 ( ant) (hacer prisionero) to capture* * *
cautivar ( conjugate cautivar) verbo transitivo ( atraer) to captivate
cautivar verbo transitivo
1 to capture, take prisoner
2 figurado (fascinar) to captivate
' cautivar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
arrebatar
- hechizar
- magnetizar
- subyugar
- atraer
- seducir
English:
wow
- beguile
- bewitch
- captivate
- charm
- enchant
- enthrall
- mesmerize
* * *cautivar vt1. [seducir] to captivate, to enchant;su simpatía me cautiva I find her friendly manner quite captivating2. [apresar] to capture* * *v/t figcaptivate* * *cautivar vthechizar: to captivate, to charm -
8 захватит
-
9 erobern
v/t2. fig. (Frau, Herz) win, conquer; (Macht) gain; (mit Gewalt) seize; jemanden / die Herzen im Sturm erobern sweep s.o. off his ( oder her) feet / capture everybody’s heart3. fig.: sich (Dat) etw. erobern SPORT gain, win; (Sympathien) win; umg., hum. (Eintrittskarten, Sitzplatz etc.) manage to get hold of* * *to capture; to conquer* * *er|obern [ɛɐ'|oːbɐn] ptp erobertvtto conquer; Festung, Stadt to take, to capture; (fig) Sympathie etc to win, to capture; neue Märkte to win, to move into; Herz, Mädchen to conquer; (inf = ergattern) to get hold ofim Sturm eróbern (Mil, fig) — to take by storm
* * *1) (to take by force, skill etc: The soldiers captured the castle; Several animals were captured.) capture2) (to overcome or defeat: The Normans conquered England in the eleventh century; You must conquer your fear of the dark.) conquer* * *er·obern *[ɛɐ̯ˈʔo:bɐn]vt1. (mit Waffengewalt besetzen)▪ etw \erobern to conquer sth2. (durch Bemühung erlangen)▪ etw \erobern to win sth [with some effort]3. (für sich einnehmen)▪ jdn/etw \erobern to win sb/sth over* * *transitives Verb[sich (Dat.)] die Herzen erobern — win hearts
eine Stadt/ein Land erobern — (scherzh.) take a town/country by storm
* * *erobern v/tim Sturm erobern take by stormjemanden/die Herzen im Sturm erobern sweep sb off his ( oder her) feet/capture everybody’s heart3. fig:sich (dat) etwaserobern SPORT gain, win; (Sympathien) win; umg, hum (Eintrittskarten, Sitzplatz etc) manage to get hold of* * *transitives Verb[sich (Dat.)] die Herzen erobern — win hearts
eine Stadt/ein Land erobern — (scherzh.) take a town/country by storm
* * *v.to conquer v. -
10 вземам
взема 1. take(от маса, под и пр.) take from/from under; take up; pick upвземам със себе си take (s.o./s.th.) along with oneвземам настрана take aside2. (получавам) getкаквото му дадеш, това ще вземе he'll get whatever you give himтой взе първата награда he got/won the first prizeвземам власт seize power(при продажба) take chargeтой взема много скъпо he takes/charges a lot (за for)3. (учебен материал и пр.) have, doвчера взехме... we did/had... yesterday(за учител) cover4. (купувам) buy, getrob ( някому нещо s.o. of s.th.)(завладявам) воен. take, captureбог дал, бог взел God takes what he has bestowed/givenвсичко им взеха everything they had was taken from them, they were robbed of all they had6. (женя се за) marry, take to wifeтова взе да го дразни it began to irritate himтой взе да си попийва he took to drinkingя вземи да ни покажеш как се прави това what about showing us how to do itя вземи да си научиш уроците you better do your lessons(при неочаквано действие) взема че/та... suddenly...той взе, че издаде тайната he went and blurted out the secretвзех,че изтървах яйцата I've been and dropped the eggsи детето взе, че хвърли часовника през прозореца then sud denly the child threw the clock out of the windowда вземе човек да нарисува/да опише what about painting/describing, it would/might be interesting to paint/to describe, it might be a good idea to paint/describeвземам влак take a trainвземам вода (за локомотив) waterвземам време take time, be time-consumingвземам много време take longвземам връх gain the ascendancyвземам данък/налог levy a taxвземам си думите назад swallow o.'s wordsтой не взема от дума he won't listen to reason; he's as stubborn as a mule; he's hard-headed; he won't take any adviceвземам живота/главата на някого take s.o.'s life, kill s.o.вземам ня кому здравето be the death of s.o.; beat the life out of s.o., beat s.o. within an inch of his lifeпрен. give s.o. no end of troubleвземам изпит take/pass an examinationвземам квартиранти take in lodgersвземам мерки прен. take stepsвземам някого на око have it in for s.o.bear/have a grudge against s.o.вземам перото put pen to paperвземам някого под свое покровителство take s.o. under o.'s patronageвземам пред вид/под внимание take into account/consideration, take account ofвземам за пример take pattern byвземам пример от follow the example ofвземам присърце take to heartвземам пътници (за влак и пр.) take up/take on/pick up passengersвземам решение arrive at/take a decisionвзех си белята с тази работа it/this gave me no end of troubleвземам си сбогом take leave of s.o.вземам средно число strike an averageвземам страна take sidesвземам страната на stand up forвземам терк от take a leaf out of the book ofвземам участие take part, participate, assist (в in)вземам на заем borrowвземам хляба от устата на някого take the bread out of s.o.'s mouthвземи единият, та удари другия it is six of one and half a dozen of the other; there's nothing/not much to choose between themвзел Кольо-дал Кольо break evenвземам си шапката и си отивам walk out, pick up and leave, take o.'s hat and leaveотгде се взе този дъжд? it would rain just now* * *взѐмам,гл.1. take; (от маса, под и пр.) take from/from under; take up; pick up; \вземам настрана take aside; \вземам със себе си take (s.o./s.th.) along with one; ще те взема в 2 часа̀ I will pick you up/collect you at 2 o’clock;4. ( купувам) buy, get;6. ( женя се за) marry, take to wife;7. ( започвам) begin, start (с ger., inf.) take to (с ger.); ( при неочаквано действие) взема, че/та … suddenly …; да вземе човек да нарисува/да опише what about painting/describing, it would/might be interesting to paint/to describe, it might be a good idea to paint/describe; да не вземеш да ме лъжеш don’t go lying to me, don’t go telling me lies; той взе да си попийва he took to drinking; той взе, че издаде тайната he went and blurted out the secret; я вземи да си научиш уроците you’d better do your lessons; • Бог дал, Бог взел God takes what he has bestowed/given; взел дал on his last legs, (he’s) a goner/done for; sl. dead duck; \вземам влак take a train; \вземам вода (за локомотив) water; \вземам време take time, be time-consuming; \вземам връх gain the ascendancy; \вземам данък/налог levy/impose/collect a tax; \вземам жертви take a (heavy) toll; claim victims; \вземам живота/главата на някого take s.o.’s life, kill s.o.; \вземам за пример take pattern by; \вземам изпит take/pass an examination; \вземам квартиранти take in lodgers; \вземам мерки прен. take steps; \вземам много време take long; \вземам на заем borrow; \вземам някого на мушка have it in for s.o.; bear/have a grudge against s.o.; \вземам някому здравето be the death of s.o.; прен. give s.o. no end of trouble; \вземам перото put pen to paper; \вземам предвид/под внимание take account of, consider, take into consideration; \вземам пример от follow the example of; \вземам присърце take to heart; \вземам пътници (за влак и пр.) take up/take on/pick up passengers; \вземам решение arrive at/take/make a decision; \вземам си ( при ядене) help o.s. (от to), have (от -); partake of; \вземам си думите назад swallow/ retract o.’s words; \вземам си сбогом take leave of s.o.; \вземам средна стойност (средно аритметично) strike an average; \вземам страна take sides; \вземам страната на stand up for; \вземам участие take part, participate, assist (в in); вземи единия, та удари другия it is six of one and half a dozen of the other; there’s nothing/not much to choose between them; взех си белята с тази работа it/this gave me no end of trouble; да имаш да вземаш! I’m not taking any! nothing doing! амер. nix on that! the back of my hand to you! за какъв ме вземате? what do you take me for? не \вземам предвид not bear in mind, take no account of, discount; откъде се взе този дъжд? it would rain just now; what a nuisance that it should rain (just now); той не взема от дума he won’t listen to reason; he’s as stubborn as a mule; he’s hard-headed; he won’t take any advice; ще има да вземаш (ще извиняваш)!* * *get; have: Can I вземам another biscuit? - Мога ли да си взема още една бисквита?; remove* * *1. (женя се за) marry, take to wife 2. (за учител) cover 3. (завладявам) воен. take, capture 4. (започвам) begin, start (c ger., inf.) take to (c ger.) 5. (купувам) buy, get 6. (от маса, под и пр.) take from/from under;take up;pick up 7. (отнемам) take (back) 8. (получавам) get 9. (при неочаквано действие) взема че/та... suddenly... 10. (при продажба) take charge 11. (учебен материал и пр.) have, do 12. bear/ have a grudge against s. о. 13. rob (някому нещо s. o. of s. th.) 14. ВЗЕМАМ влак take a train 15. ВЗЕМАМ власт seize power 16. ВЗЕМАМ вода (за локомотив) water 17. ВЗЕМАМ време take time, be time-consuming 18. ВЗЕМАМ връх gain the ascendancy 19. ВЗЕМАМ данък/налог levy a tax 20. ВЗЕМАМ жертви take a (heavy) toll;claim victims 21. ВЗЕМАМ живота/главата на някого take s. o.'s life, kill s. о. 22. ВЗЕМАМ за пример take pattern by 23. ВЗЕМАМ изпит take/pass an examination 24. ВЗЕМАМ квартиранти take in lodgers 25. ВЗЕМАМ мерки прен. take steps 26. ВЗЕМАМ много време take long 27. ВЗЕМАМ на заем borrow 28. ВЗЕМАМ настрана take aside 29. ВЗЕМАМ ня кому здравето be the death of s. o.;beat the life out of s. o., beat s. o. within an inch of his life 30. ВЗЕМАМ някого на око have it in for s.o. 31. ВЗЕМАМ някого под свое покровителство take s. o. under o.'s patronage 32. ВЗЕМАМ перото put pen to paper 33. ВЗЕМАМ пред вид/под внимание take into account/ consideration, take account of 34. ВЗЕМАМ пример от follow the example of 35. ВЗЕМАМ присърце take to heart 36. ВЗЕМАМ пътници (за влак и пр.) take up/ take on/pick up passengers 37. ВЗЕМАМ решение arrive at/take a decision 38. ВЗЕМАМ си (при ядене) help o. s. (от to), have (от -);partake of 39. ВЗЕМАМ си думите назад swallow o.`s words 40. ВЗЕМАМ си сбогом take leave of s.o. 41. ВЗЕМАМ си шапката и си отивам walk out, pick up and leave, take o.'s hat and leave 42. ВЗЕМАМ средно число strike an average 43. ВЗЕМАМ страна take sides 44. ВЗЕМАМ страната на stand up for 45. ВЗЕМАМ със себе си take (s. o./s. th.) along with one 46. ВЗЕМАМ терк от take a leaf out of the book of 47. ВЗЕМАМ участие take part, participate, assist (в in) 48. ВЗЕМАМ хляба от устата на някого take the bread out of s. o.'s mouth 49. бог дал, бог взел God takes what he has bestowed/ given 50. взел Кольо - дал Кольо break even 51. взел дал on his last legs, (he's) a gonner/ done for 52. взема take 53. вземи единият, та удари другия it is six of one and half a dozen of the other;there's nothing/not much to choose between them 54. взех си белята с тази работа it/this gave me no end of trouble 55. взех,че изтървах яйцата I've been and dropped the eggs 56. всичко им взеха everything they had was taken from them, they were robbed of all they had 57. вчера взехме... we did/ had... yesterday 58. да вземе човек да нарисува/да опише what about painting/describing, it would/ might be interesting to paint/to describe, it might be a good idea to paint/describe 59. и детето взе, че хвърли часовника през прозореца then sud denly the child threw the clock out of the window 60. каквото му дадеш, това ще вземе he'll get whatever you give him 61. не ВЗЕМАМ предвид not bear in mind, take no account of, dis count 62. отгде се взе този дъжд? it would rain just now; 63. прен. give s. o. no end of trouble 64. това взе да го дразни it began to irritate him 65. той взе да си попийва he took to drinking 66. той взе първата награда he got/won the first prize 67. той взе, че издаде тайната he went and blurted out the secret 68. той взема много скъпо he takes/ charges a lot (за for) 69. той не взема от дума he won't listen to reason;he's as stubborn as a mule;he's hard-headed;he won't take any advice 70. я вземи да ни покажеш как се прави това what about showing us how to do it 71. я вземи да си научиш уроците you better do your lessons -
11 ganar
v.1 to win.ganaron por tres a uno they won three oneRicardo gana siempre Richard wins always.Ricardo ganó el premio Richard won the prize.2 to earn (sueldo, dinero).¿cuánto ganas? how much do you earn?María gMaría dinero Mary earns money.3 to gain.ganar fama to achieve fameen tren ganas una hora you save an hour by taking the trainRicardo ganó reconocimiento Richard gained renown.4 to beat.te voy a ganar I'm going to beat you5 to reach, to make it to (llegar a) (place).6 to take, to capture.7 to obtain profits, to come out with profits, to win, to realize profits.La empresa ganó The company obtained profits.* * *1 (partido, concurso, premio) to win2 (dinero) to earn■ ¿cuánto ganas al año? how much do you earn a year?3 (conquistar) to capture4 (alcanzar) to reach5 (lograr) to win1 (mejorar) to improve2 (cambiar favorablemente) to gain1 to earn2 (ser merecedor) to deserve\ganar a alguien en algo to be better than somebody at somethingganar terreno to gain groundllevar las de ganar figurado to hold the winning card, hold all the cardsno ganar para disgustos figurado to be one thing after anothersalir ganando to gain, benefit, do well out of itganarse la vida to earn a living, earn one's livingganarse el pan familiar to earn one's bread and butter¡te la vas a ganar! familiar you're going to get it!* * *verb1) to win2) earn3) gain4) profit5) make* * *1. VT1) [+ sueldo] to earn¿cuánto ganas al mes? — how much do you earn o make a month?
2) [+ competición, partido, premio, guerra] to win¿quién ganó la carrera? — who won the race?
3) [+ contrincante] to beat¡les ganamos! — we beat them!
no hay quien le gane — there's nobody who can beat him, he's unbeatable
como orador no hay quien le gane o no le gana nadie — as a speaker there is no one to touch him, no one outdoes him at speaking
4) (=conseguir) [+ tiempo, peso, terreno] to gain¿qué gano yo con todo esto? — what do I gain o get from all this?
tierras ganadas al mar — land reclaimed o won from the sea
ganar popularidad — to win o earn popularity
5) (=alcanzar) [+ objetivo] to achieve, attain6) (=convencer) to win overdejarse ganar por algo — to allow o.s. to be won over by sth
7) (=aventajar)8) (Mil) [+ plaza, pueblo] to take, capture2. VI1) [trabajando] to earn2) [en competición, guerra] to win3) (=mejorar) to benefit, improvela película ganaría mucho si se cortase — the film would greatly benefit from being cut, the film would be greatly improved if it was cut
•
ha ganado mucho en salud — his health has greatly improved•
salir ganando — to do well3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) < sueldo> to earn¿cuánto ganas al mes? — how much do you earn a month?
b) ( conseguir) to gain2)a) <partido/guerra/elecciones> to winb) <premio/dinero> to win3) ( adquirir) < experiencia> to gain4)a) ( conquistar)b) ( reclamar) to reclaim5) (liter) < meta> to attain (frml); <cumbre/orilla> to gain (liter)2.ganar vi1) ( mediante el trabajo) to earn2)a) ( vencer) to winb)a mentiroso nadie le gana or no hay quien le gane — when it comes to lying there's noone to touch him
3) ( aventajar)ganarle a alguien en algo: le ganas en estatura you're taller than him; me gana en todo — he beats me on every count
4)a) ( mejorar)b) (obtener provecho, beneficiarse) to gainganó mucho con su estancia en Berlín — he gained a lot from o got a lot out of his stay in Berlin
3.salir ganando: es el único que salió ganando con el trato/en ese asunto he's the only one who did well out of the deal/who came out well in that business; al final salí ganando — in the end I came out of it better off
ganarse v pron1) (enf) ( mediante el trabajo) to earn2) (enf) <premio/apuesta> to win3) <afecto/confianza> to win; < persona> to win... oversupo ganarse el respeto de todos — she managed to win o earn everyone's respect
4) ( ser merecedor de) < descanso> to earn oneselfganársela — (Esp fam)
se la va a ganar — she's going to get it o she's for it (colloq)
* * *= earn, conquer, win, win out, prevail, go + one better.Ex. The article 'Women in industry: where and how they administrate' concludes that there are fewer women in management than men and they earn less.Ex. The tools and technologies provided by the Internet enable scholars to communicate or disseminate information in ways which conquer the barriers of time and space.Ex. Those who perform in this manner can be characterized as those who would 'rather fight than win'.Ex. It remains to be seen which approach will win out, in the current tug-of-war.Ex. The emphasis on title entry came from the specialized libraries, primarily the technical libraries, that were small but had the money and the power behind them to see that their view prevails.Ex. I think Murray will go one better than Wimbledon, but will lose to Federer again in the final.----* actuar con la intención de ganarse la admiració = play to + Nombre.* actuar con la intención de ganarse la admiración de Alguie = play to + Nombre.* dinero que tanto ha costado ganar = hard-earned money.* ganar a Alguien sin apenas hacer ningún esfuerzo = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar adeptos = gain + currency.* ganar bastante dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.* ganar cada vez más importancia, ir viento en popa, ir cada vez mejor = go from + strength to strength, grow from + strength to strength, go from + strength to strength.* ganar cómodamente = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar con dificultar = eke out.* ganar confianza en uno mismo = gain + confidence (with/in).* ganar cuando todo parece estar perdido = victory from the jaws of defeat.* ganar de forma abrumadora = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar de forma aplastante = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down, win by + a landslide.* ganar de forma arrolladora = win by + a landslide.* ganar dinero = make + money, make + Dinero, earn + money.* ganar el pulso = the nod + go to.* ganar enemigos = make + enemies.* ganar fácilmente = coast + home, coast to + victory, beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar fama = win + fame.* ganar fuerza = gather + strength, gather + steam.* ganar ímpetu = gather + momentum, gain + impetus, gather + strength, gather + steam, gather + pace.* ganar importancia = grow in + importance, grow in + strength, gain + prominence, grow in + significance, gain + significance, gain in + importance.* ganar la partida a = outmanoeuvre [outmaneuver, -USA].* ganarle la mano a Alguien = steal + a march on.* ganarle la partida = out-think [outthink].* ganarle la partida a = outfox, outwit, outsmart.* ganarle la vez a = outdo, trump.* ganar mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.* ganar peso = put on + weight, gain + weight.* ganar popularidad = gain in + popularity, gain + popularity, increase in + popularity.* ganar prestigio = gain in + ascendancy.* ganar prosélitos = proselytise [proselytize, -USA].* ganar protagonismo = gain in + importance.* ganar reconocimiento = gain + credit.* ganar resistencia = grow in + stamina.* ganarse = win over, propitiate.* ganarse a Alguien = win + Nombre + heart.* ganarse a la gente = win + hearts and minds.* ganarse el apoyo = earn + support.* ganarse el aprecio = earn + appreciation.* ganarse el cariño = endear.* ganarse el corazón de Alguien = win + Nombre + heart.* ganarse el favor de = win + the favour of.* ganarse el pan = get + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread and butter.* ganarse el pan con el sudor de la frente = earn + Posesivo + daily bread with the sweat of + Posesivo + brow.* ganarse el pan de cada día = get + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread and butter.* ganarse el respeto = earn + respect.* ganarse el sueldo = earn + Posesivo + salary.* ganarse la confianza = earn + trust.* ganarse la confianza de = achieve + credibility with, gain + the confidence of, win + the confidence of.* ganarse la existencia = earn + a living, earn + Posesivo + living.* ganarse la fama de = earn + a reputation as.* ganarse la vida = earn + a living, make + a living, earn + income, earn + Posesivo + living, make + Posesivo + living, Verbo + for a living.* ganarse la vida a duras penas = eke out + a living, scratch (out) + a living, scrape + a living, eke out + an existence.* ganarse partidarios = gather + a following, win + Nombre + a following, gain + a following.* ganarse seguidores = gather + a following, win + Nombre + a following, gain + a following.* ganarse una reputación = achieve + reputation, secure + reputation.* ganarse un lugar en el corazón de Alguien = win + a place in + heart.* ganarse unos ingresos = earn + income.* ganar sin ninguna dificultad = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar sobradamente = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar terreno = gain + ground, make + headway.* ganar tiempo = win + time, buy + time, free up + time.* ganar una batalla = win + battle.* ganar una elección = win + election.* ganar una guerra = win + war.* ganar un asalto = win + round.* ganar un buen sueldo = make + good money, earn + good money.* ganar un premio = win + prize, win + award, earn + an award.* ganar un título = win + title.* ganar vigencia = gain + currency.* haber ganado la mitad de la batalla = be half the battle.* haber ganado sólo la mitad de la ba = be only half the battle.* hacer que Alguien se lo gane a pulso = give + Nombre + a run for + Posesivo + money.* intentar ganar tiempo = play for + time, temporise [temporize, -USA].* interés por ganar dinero = profit motive.* lo que se gana por un lado se pierde por otro = swings and roundabouts.* lo que se pierda en una cosa se gana en la otra = what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts.* ni ganar ni perder = break + even.* no se ganó Zamora en una hora = Rome wasn't built in a day.* ¡que gane el mejor! = may the best man win!, may the best man win!.* quien nada arriesga nada gana = nothing ventured, nothing gained.* salir ganando = make + a profit, compare + favourably, be better off, win + the day, win out, be better served by, come out on + top.* salir sin ganar ni perder = break + even.* se pierda o se gane = win or lose.* tener ganada la mitad de la batalla = be half the battle.* tener ganada sólo la mitad de la batalla = be only half the battle.* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) < sueldo> to earn¿cuánto ganas al mes? — how much do you earn a month?
b) ( conseguir) to gain2)a) <partido/guerra/elecciones> to winb) <premio/dinero> to win3) ( adquirir) < experiencia> to gain4)a) ( conquistar)b) ( reclamar) to reclaim5) (liter) < meta> to attain (frml); <cumbre/orilla> to gain (liter)2.ganar vi1) ( mediante el trabajo) to earn2)a) ( vencer) to winb)a mentiroso nadie le gana or no hay quien le gane — when it comes to lying there's noone to touch him
3) ( aventajar)ganarle a alguien en algo: le ganas en estatura you're taller than him; me gana en todo — he beats me on every count
4)a) ( mejorar)b) (obtener provecho, beneficiarse) to gainganó mucho con su estancia en Berlín — he gained a lot from o got a lot out of his stay in Berlin
3.salir ganando: es el único que salió ganando con el trato/en ese asunto he's the only one who did well out of the deal/who came out well in that business; al final salí ganando — in the end I came out of it better off
ganarse v pron1) (enf) ( mediante el trabajo) to earn2) (enf) <premio/apuesta> to win3) <afecto/confianza> to win; < persona> to win... oversupo ganarse el respeto de todos — she managed to win o earn everyone's respect
4) ( ser merecedor de) < descanso> to earn oneselfganársela — (Esp fam)
se la va a ganar — she's going to get it o she's for it (colloq)
* * *= earn, conquer, win, win out, prevail, go + one better.Ex: The article 'Women in industry: where and how they administrate' concludes that there are fewer women in management than men and they earn less.
Ex: The tools and technologies provided by the Internet enable scholars to communicate or disseminate information in ways which conquer the barriers of time and space.Ex: Those who perform in this manner can be characterized as those who would 'rather fight than win'.Ex: It remains to be seen which approach will win out, in the current tug-of-war.Ex: The emphasis on title entry came from the specialized libraries, primarily the technical libraries, that were small but had the money and the power behind them to see that their view prevails.Ex: I think Murray will go one better than Wimbledon, but will lose to Federer again in the final.* actuar con la intención de ganarse la admiració = play to + Nombre.* actuar con la intención de ganarse la admiración de Alguie = play to + Nombre.* dinero que tanto ha costado ganar = hard-earned money.* ganar a Alguien sin apenas hacer ningún esfuerzo = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar adeptos = gain + currency.* ganar bastante dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.* ganar cada vez más importancia, ir viento en popa, ir cada vez mejor = go from + strength to strength, grow from + strength to strength, go from + strength to strength.* ganar cómodamente = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar con dificultar = eke out.* ganar confianza en uno mismo = gain + confidence (with/in).* ganar cuando todo parece estar perdido = victory from the jaws of defeat.* ganar de forma abrumadora = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar de forma aplastante = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down, win by + a landslide.* ganar de forma arrolladora = win by + a landslide.* ganar dinero = make + money, make + Dinero, earn + money.* ganar el pulso = the nod + go to.* ganar enemigos = make + enemies.* ganar fácilmente = coast + home, coast to + victory, beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar fama = win + fame.* ganar fuerza = gather + strength, gather + steam.* ganar ímpetu = gather + momentum, gain + impetus, gather + strength, gather + steam, gather + pace.* ganar importancia = grow in + importance, grow in + strength, gain + prominence, grow in + significance, gain + significance, gain in + importance.* ganar la partida a = outmanoeuvre [outmaneuver, -USA].* ganarle la mano a Alguien = steal + a march on.* ganarle la partida = out-think [outthink].* ganarle la partida a = outfox, outwit, outsmart.* ganarle la vez a = outdo, trump.* ganar mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.* ganar peso = put on + weight, gain + weight.* ganar popularidad = gain in + popularity, gain + popularity, increase in + popularity.* ganar prestigio = gain in + ascendancy.* ganar prosélitos = proselytise [proselytize, -USA].* ganar protagonismo = gain in + importance.* ganar reconocimiento = gain + credit.* ganar resistencia = grow in + stamina.* ganarse = win over, propitiate.* ganarse a Alguien = win + Nombre + heart.* ganarse a la gente = win + hearts and minds.* ganarse el apoyo = earn + support.* ganarse el aprecio = earn + appreciation.* ganarse el cariño = endear.* ganarse el corazón de Alguien = win + Nombre + heart.* ganarse el favor de = win + the favour of.* ganarse el pan = get + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread and butter.* ganarse el pan con el sudor de la frente = earn + Posesivo + daily bread with the sweat of + Posesivo + brow.* ganarse el pan de cada día = get + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread, earn + Posesivo + bread and butter.* ganarse el respeto = earn + respect.* ganarse el sueldo = earn + Posesivo + salary.* ganarse la confianza = earn + trust.* ganarse la confianza de = achieve + credibility with, gain + the confidence of, win + the confidence of.* ganarse la existencia = earn + a living, earn + Posesivo + living.* ganarse la fama de = earn + a reputation as.* ganarse la vida = earn + a living, make + a living, earn + income, earn + Posesivo + living, make + Posesivo + living, Verbo + for a living.* ganarse la vida a duras penas = eke out + a living, scratch (out) + a living, scrape + a living, eke out + an existence.* ganarse partidarios = gather + a following, win + Nombre + a following, gain + a following.* ganarse seguidores = gather + a following, win + Nombre + a following, gain + a following.* ganarse una reputación = achieve + reputation, secure + reputation.* ganarse un lugar en el corazón de Alguien = win + a place in + heart.* ganarse unos ingresos = earn + income.* ganar sin ninguna dificultad = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar sobradamente = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.* ganar terreno = gain + ground, make + headway.* ganar tiempo = win + time, buy + time, free up + time.* ganar una batalla = win + battle.* ganar una elección = win + election.* ganar una guerra = win + war.* ganar un asalto = win + round.* ganar un buen sueldo = make + good money, earn + good money.* ganar un premio = win + prize, win + award, earn + an award.* ganar un título = win + title.* ganar vigencia = gain + currency.* haber ganado la mitad de la batalla = be half the battle.* haber ganado sólo la mitad de la ba = be only half the battle.* hacer que Alguien se lo gane a pulso = give + Nombre + a run for + Posesivo + money.* intentar ganar tiempo = play for + time, temporise [temporize, -USA].* interés por ganar dinero = profit motive.* lo que se gana por un lado se pierde por otro = swings and roundabouts.* lo que se pierda en una cosa se gana en la otra = what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts.* ni ganar ni perder = break + even.* no se ganó Zamora en una hora = Rome wasn't built in a day.* ¡que gane el mejor! = may the best man win!, may the best man win!.* quien nada arriesga nada gana = nothing ventured, nothing gained.* salir ganando = make + a profit, compare + favourably, be better off, win + the day, win out, be better served by, come out on + top.* salir sin ganar ni perder = break + even.* se pierda o se gane = win or lose.* tener ganada la mitad de la batalla = be half the battle.* tener ganada sólo la mitad de la batalla = be only half the battle.* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.* * *ganar [A1 ]vtA1 (mediante el trabajo) to earngana un buen sueldo she earns o she's on a good salary¿cuánto ganas al mes? how much do you earn a month?lo único que quiere es ganar dinero all he's interested in is making money2 (conseguir) to gain¿y qué ganas con eso? and what do you gain by (doing) that?no ganamos nada con ponernos nerviosos getting all worked-up won't get us anywhereB1 ‹carrera/competición/partido› to win; ‹elecciones› to win; ‹guerra/batalla› to win; ‹juicio› to winganaron el campeonato they won the championshiple gané la apuesta I won my bet with him2 (en un juego, concurso) ‹premio/dinero› to win¿cuánto ganaste en las carreras de caballos? how much did you win on the horses?ha ganado mucho dinero al póquer she's won a lot of money at o playing pokerC(adquirir): ganó fama y fortuna she won fame and fortunesu partido ha ido ganando popularidad his party has been gaining in popularityha ganado importancia en los últimos años it has grown in importance in recent yearsD1 ‹persona› ganar a algn PARA algo to win sb over TO sthlo ganó para su causa she won him over to her cause2 (reclamar) to reclaimlas tierras ganadas al mar the land that has been reclaimed from the sea■ ganarviA (mediante el trabajo) to earnapenas gana para vivir she hardly earns enough to live onno ganar para disgustos/sustos to have nothing but troubleB1 (vencer) to winque gane el mejor may the best man winganaron los Republicanos the Republicans won o were victoriousvan ganando 2 a 1 they're winning 2-1, they're 2-1 up o ahead2ganarle a algn to beat sbnos ganaron por cuatro puntos they beat us by four pointssiempre que juega al ajedrez con su hijo se deja ganar she always lets her son beat her at chess, whenever she plays chess with her son she lets him winme ha vuelto a ganar she's beaten me againa mentiroso nadie le gana or no hay quien le gane when it comes to lying there's no one to touch himse dejó ganar por el abatimiento he allowed his depression to get the better of himC (aventajar) ganarle a algn EN algo:le ganas en estatura you're taller than himhabla mejor inglés, es más guapo … la verdad es que me gana en todo he speaks better English, he's better looking … the truth is he beats me on every countD(mejorar, obtener provecho): ha ganado mucho con el nuevo peinado her new hairstyle has really done a lot for hercon estas modificaciones el texto ha ganado en claridad the text has become much clearer o has gained in clarity with these changesel salón ha ganado mucho con estos cambios these changes have really improved the living roomganó mucho con su estancia en Berlín he gained a lot from o got a lot out of his stay in Berlinsalir ganando: es el único que salió ganando de la mudanza he's the only one who benefited o gained from the moveno lo esperaba pero al final salí ganando I didn't expect to but in the end I came out of it better off o I did well out of it, I didn't expect to but I ended up better offsaldrán ganando de esta reestructuración they will benefit from o they stand to gain from this restructuringEF(Ur arg) (con el sexo opuesto): estás ganando con aquél/aquélla you're well in with that guy/girl over there ( colloq)■ ganarseA ( enf) (mediante el trabajo) to earnse ganó mil dólares en una semana she earned (herself) a thousand dollars in one weekB ( enf) (en una rifa, un juego) to winC ‹afecto› to win; ‹amistad/confianza› to win, gain; ‹persona› to win … overha sabido ganarse el respeto de todos she has managed to win o earn everyone's respectsabe ganarse a los amigos he knows how to make friendsD(ser merecedor de): te has ganado unas buenas vacaciones you've earned yourself a good vacation ( AmE) o ( BrE) holidayte estás ganando una paliza you're going to get a good thrashing, you're asking for a good thrashingganarse algo a pulso to earn sthel ascenso se lo ha ganado a pulso he's really worked (hard) for o he's really earned this promotionganársela ( Esp fam): como no te calles te la vas a ganar if you don't shut up, you're going to get it o you're for it ( colloq)Egánate para acá come over here o come closer* * *
ganar ( conjugate ganar) verbo transitivo
1
◊ ¿qué ganas con eso? what do you gain by (doing) that?
2 ‹partido/guerra/premio› to win;
verbo intransitivo
ganarle a algn to beat sb;
nos ganaron por cuatro puntos they beat us by four pointsb) ( aventajar):
me gana en todo he beats me on every count;
salir ganando: salió ganando con el trato he did well out of the deal;
al final salí ganando in the end I came out of it better off
ganarse verbo pronominal
1 ( enf) ( mediante el trabajo) to earn;◊ ganarse la vida to earn a/one's living
2 ( enf) ‹premio/apuesta› to win
3 ‹afecto/confianza› to win;◊ se ganó el respeto de todos she won o earned everyone's respect
4 ‹ descanso› to earn oneself;
ganar
I verbo transitivo
1 (un salario) to earn
2 (un premio) to win
3 (superar) to beat: le gana en estatura, she is taller than him
4 (al contrincante) to beat
5 (una cima, una orilla) to reach
ganar la cumbre, to reach the peak
II verbo intransitivo
1 (vencer) to win
2 (mejorar) improve: ganó en simpatía, she became more and more charming
ganas mucho cuando sonríes, you look nicer when you smile
' ganar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- actual
- baño
- contender
- flexibilizar
- llevar
- óptima
- óptimo
- peso
- probabilidad
- redoblar
- savia
- terrena
- terreno
- todavía
- chance
- expectativa
- hacer
- interés
- meta
- premio
- sensación
- tiempo
- tratar
- triunfar
- valer
English:
actual
- amateurish
- beat
- break
- bring in
- buck
- catch on
- chance
- close-run
- comfortably
- day
- default
- earn
- even
- exert
- fact
- fair
- fluke
- gain
- gain on
- gather
- get
- ground
- hand
- key
- killing
- make
- money
- one-upmanship
- optimistic
- outsider
- rig
- score
- speed
- take
- ultimate
- win
- case
- certainly
- clinch
- deliver
- expect
- height
- odds
- premium
- run
- stand
- toss
- yet
* * *♦ vt1. [premio, competición] to win;ganaron las elecciones they won the elections;ganó un millón en la lotería he won a million on the lottery2. [obtener] [sueldo, dinero] to earn;gana dos millones al año she earns o she's on two million a year;¿cuánto ganas? how much do you earn?3. [obtener] [peso, tiempo] to gain;ganar fama to achieve fame;ganar importancia to grow in importance;ganar terreno [avanzar] to gain ground;en tren ganas una hora you save an hour by taking the train;ganaron nuevos adeptos para la causa they won over new converts to the cause4. [conseguir]¿qué gano yo con eso? what's in it for me?, what do I stand to gain from that?;llorando no ganas nada it's no use crying, crying won't change anything5. [derrotar] to beat;te voy a ganar I'm going to beat you;RP Famganar de mano a alguien to beat sb to itme gana en hermosura pero no en inteligencia she's prettier than me, but not as intelligent;Fama tonto no hay quien le gane he's as thick as they come7. [alcanzar] to reach, to make it to;ganó la orilla a nado she made it to o gained the shore8. [conquistar] to take, to capture;los aliados ganaron la playa tras una dura batalla the Allies took o captured the beach after a hard battle♦ vi1. [vencer] to win;ganaron por penalties they won on penalties;ganan de cuatro puntos they're winning by four points, they're four points ahead;no es justo, te has dejado ganar it's not fair, you let me beat you o you lost on purpose;que gane el mejor may the best man win2. [lograr dinero] to earn money;Amganar bien to be well paid;ganar mal not to earn very much, to be badly paid;sólo gana para subsistir she earns only enough to live on;Famha ganado con el cambio de trabajo he has benefited from changing jobs;ganar en algo to gain in sth;ha ganado en amplitud [parece mayor] it looks bigger;hemos salido ganando con el cambio we've benefited from the change4. Urug Fam [con hombre, mujer]¿viste como te mira? estás ganando have you seen her looking at you? she fancies you o you're well in there* * *I v/t1 win;le gané cincuenta dólares I won fifty dollars off him;ganar a alguien beat s.o.II v/i2 ( vencer) win;ganar por dos sets a uno win (by) two sets to one3 ( mejorar) improve;salir ganando con algo be better off with sth4 ( aventajar):le gano en velocidad/inteligencia I’m faster/more intelligent than him o than he is* * *ganar vt1) : to win2) : to gainganar tiempo: to buy time3) : to earnganar dinero: to make money4) : to acquire, to obtainganar vi1) : to win2) : to profitsalir ganando: to come out ahead* * *ganar vb¿quién ganó el torneo? who won the tournament?2. (un sueldo) to earn¿cuánto ganas al mes? how much do you earn a month?4. (un trabajo) to get5. (superar a alguien) to be better -
12 festhalten
(unreg., trennb., hat -ge-)I v/t1. hold onto; (stützen) hold; (packen) hold tight, grasp firmly; jemanden am Arm festhalten hold onto ( oder grasp) s.o.’s arm, grasp s.o. by the arm; etw. mit den Zähnen festhalten hold ( oder grip) s.th. with one’s teeth2. (Verdächtigen) hold, detain4. (Brief etc.) withhold, hold back5. fig. (jemandes Blick) catch6. fig. in Wort, Ton: record; bes. Szene, Stimmung: capture; etw. mit der Kamera festhalten capture s.th. on film; etw. schriftlich festhalten put s.th. down in writing; das wollen wir mal festhalten let’s get that straight ( oder make that clear), let there be no doubt about that; ( nur) um das mal festzuhalten... just for the record...II v/i fig.: festhalten an (+ Dat) stick to, cling to; das Festhalten an Traditionen continued adherence ( stärker: clinging) to traditionsIII v/refl: sich festhalten (an + Dat) hold on(to); sich ( krampfhaft) festhalten an (+ Dat) clutch (at); auch fig. cling to; halt dich fest! hold on, hold tight; umg. fig. brace yourself (while I tell you this)* * *das Festhaltenholding; adherence; tenacity; conventionalism* * *fẹst|hal|ten sep1. vt1) (= nicht loslassen) to keep a firm hold on, to keep hold of, to hold on tojdn am Arm/Rockzipfel festhalten — to hold on to sb's arm/the hem of sb's coat
2) (= bemerken) to stress, to emphasize3) (= inhaftieren) to hold, to detain4) (= speichern) to record; Atmosphäre etc to capture2. vifesthalten — to hold or stick (inf) to sth
3. vrto hold on ( an +dat to)halt dich fest! (lit) — hold tight!
halt dich fest und hör dir das an! (inf) — brace yourself and listen to this!
* * *1) ((often with to) to hold: Hang on to that rope.) hang on2) cling3) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) hold4) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) hold5) ((often with to) to keep (a grip on) (something): She held on to me to stop herself slipping; I couldn't hold on any longer, so I let go of the rope.) hold on* * *fest|hal·tenI. vt1. (fest ergreifen)er hielt sie am Ärmel fest he grabbed her by the sleeve2. (gefangen halten)▪ jdn \festhalten to detain [or hold] sb3. (konstatieren)▪ \festhalten, dass... to record the fact that...▪ etw \festhalten to record [or make a note of] sthdiesen Punkt sollten wir unbedingt \festhalten we should certainly make a note of this pointII. viIII. vr* * *1.unregelmäßiges transitives Verb4) (aufzeichnen, fixieren) record; capture5) (konstatieren) record2.unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb (sich anklammern)sich an jemandem/etwas festhalten — hold on to somebody/something
3.halt dich fest! — hold tight!; (fig. ugs.) brace yourself!
unregelmäßiges intransitives Verban jemandem/etwas festhalten — stand by somebody/something
* * *festhalten (irr, trennb, hat -ge-)A. v/tetwas mit den Zähnen festhalten hold ( oder grip) sth with one’s teeth2. (Verdächtigen) hold, detain4. (Brief etc) withhold, hold back5. fig (jemandes Blick) catch6. fig in Wort, Ton: record; besonders Szene, Stimmung: capture;etwas mit der Kamera festhalten capture sth on film;etwas schriftlich festhalten put sth down in writing;das wollen wir mal festhalten let’s get that straight ( oder make that clear), let there be no doubt about that;B. v/i fig:festhalten an (+dat) stick to, cling to;das Festhalten an Traditionen continued adherence ( stärker: clinging) to traditionsC. v/r:an +dat) hold on(to);halt dich fest! hold on, hold tight; umg fig brace yourself (while I tell you this)* * *1.unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) (halten, packen) hold on to2) (nicht weiterleiten) withhold <letter, parcel, etc.>3) (verhaftet haben) hold, detain < suspect>4) (aufzeichnen, fixieren) record; capture5) (konstatieren) record2.unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb (sich anklammern)sich an jemandem/etwas festhalten — hold on to somebody/something
3.halt dich fest! — hold tight!; (fig. ugs.) brace yourself!
unregelmäßiges intransitives Verban jemandem/etwas festhalten — stand by somebody/something
* * *n.adherence n.conventionalism n. -
13 aparato
m.1 machine.aparato de diálisis kidney machineaparatos gimnásticos apparatus (en competición, escuela)aparato de radio radioaparato de televisión television setaparato de vídeo video (cassette) recorder2 plane.3 aid (medicine) (prótesis).4 system (anatomy).aparato circulatorio circulatory systemaparato digestivo digestive systemaparato reproductor reproductive systemaparato respiratorio respiratory systemaparato urinario urinary tractAparato respiratorio Respiratory system.5 machinery (politics).6 pomp, ostentation.7 appliance, gadget, mechanism, unit.8 brace.9 theatricality, exaggeration.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: aparatar.* * *1 (mecanismo) (piece of) apparatus, set; (eléctrico) appliance2 (dispositivo) device; (instrumento) instrument3 (teléfono) telephone4 (avión) plane5 (exageración) exaggeration6 (ostentación) pomp, display, show7 (tormenta) flashes of lightning plural\aparato auditivo hearing aidaparato de radio radio setaparato de televisión television setaparato digestivo ANATOMÍA digestive systemaparato ortopédico orthopedic aidel aparato del estado the State apparatus* * *noun m.1) machine2) apparatus3) appliance, set4) system* * *SM1) (Téc) machineuno de esos aparatos para hacer café — one of those coffee machines o coffee-making things *
aparato fotográfico — photographic instrument, camera
aparatos de mando — (Aer) controls
aparatos periféricos — (Inform) peripherals
2) (Elec) (=electrodoméstico) appliance; (=televisor, radio) set3) (Telec) phone, telephone•
al aparato, -¿puedo hablar con Pilar Ruiz? -al aparato — "can I speak to Pilar Ruiz?" - "speaking"¡Gerardo, al aparato! — Gerardo, telephone!
colgar el aparato — to put down the phone, hang up
4) (Med)aparato dental, aparato de ortodoncia — brace, braces pl (EEUU)
aparato ortopédico — surgical appliance, orthopaedic aid, orthopedic aid (US)
5) (Gimnasia) (=máquina) exercise machine, fitness machine; (=anillas, barras) piece of apparatus6) (Aer) aircraft, airplane (EEUU)7) (=formalismo, artificio)todo el aparato con el que viaja un rey — all the pomp and ceremony which accompanies a king when he travels
el festival llevaba un gran aparato de protocolo — the festival was accompanied by a great show of protocol
8) (Pol) (=estructura) [de base] machine; [de control] machineryel aparato del partido — the party machine, the party apparatus
aparato estatal — state system, government machinery
9) (Meteo)10) (=indicios) signs pl, symptoms pl ; (Med) symptoms pl ; (Psic) syndrome11) (Literat)12) ** (=pene) equipment *; (=vagina) pussy **** * *1)a) ( máquina)b) ( de televisión) set; ( de radio) receiver2) ( para gimnasia) piece of apparatuslos aparatos — the apparatus, the equipment
3)a) ( audífono) tbb) (Odont) tb4) ( teléfono) telephone5) (frml) ( avión) aircraft6) (estructura, sistema) machine7) ( ceremonia) pomp8) (fam & euf) ( pene) weenie (AmE colloq), willy (BrE colloq); ( genitales masculinos) equipment (euph)•* * *= apparatus, device, machine, whatchamacallit, gadget, widget, rig, appliance, unit, contraption.Ex. The abstracts of research papers will typically represent the methodology employed, in particular, apparatus, equipment, tools, materials.Ex. The extent of application of the synthetic devices will vary from one library to another.Ex. Synonyms, related terms and other variants must now be collected, either by human selection, or with the aid of the machine.Ex. In his book's section ' Watchamacallit' he forecasts that communication between user and machine will be through voice for entering text and a pen-like device for pointing.Ex. The article is entitled 'Exhibits in the American Pavilion at the 1958 Brussels World's Fair: women's clothing, men's gadgets, hot dogs and haute couture'.Ex. The term widget is taken from the 1963 movie, 'The Wheeler-Dealers'.Ex. An adjustable seating rig was used to create the three-dimensional shape of a static lounge chair.Ex. People want information available through the appliances they use in the mainstream of their daily lives.Ex. Data-capture units are light pens, and such units can be made available at various locations in the library for public consultation.Ex. If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.----* aparato burocrático = bureaucratic apparatus.* aparato de aire acondicionado = air conditioner.* aparato de grabación = recorder.* aparato de informática del tamaño de la palma de la mano = palm computing device.* aparato de lectura = reading machine.* aparato del partido = party machinery.* aparato de medición = meter.* aparato de radio = radio set.* aparato de televisión = television set, TV set.* aparato de vídeo = videocassette recorder (VCR), home video recorder, video recorder.* aparato digestivo = gastrointestinal tract, digestive tract.* aparato eléctrico = electrical apparatus, power appliance.* aparato electrónico = electronic device.* aparato motorizado = motorised device.* aparato óptico = optical device.* aparato para el uso de la información = information appliance.* aparato para usar Internet = Internet appliance.* aparato político = machine politics.* aparato propagandista = propaganda machine.* aparatos = gadgetry, mechanical equipment.* aparatos de vídeo = video equipment.* aparatos eléctricos = electrical equipment, electrical appliances, appliances, household appliances.* aparatos eléctricos del hogar = home appliances, domestic appliances, home appliances.* aparatos electrónicos = electronic(s) appliances.* aparato urinario = urinary tract.* zona con aparatos electrónicos = equipment area.* * *1)a) ( máquina)b) ( de televisión) set; ( de radio) receiver2) ( para gimnasia) piece of apparatuslos aparatos — the apparatus, the equipment
3)a) ( audífono) tbb) (Odont) tb4) ( teléfono) telephone5) (frml) ( avión) aircraft6) (estructura, sistema) machine7) ( ceremonia) pomp8) (fam & euf) ( pene) weenie (AmE colloq), willy (BrE colloq); ( genitales masculinos) equipment (euph)•* * *= apparatus, device, machine, whatchamacallit, gadget, widget, rig, appliance, unit, contraption.Ex: The abstracts of research papers will typically represent the methodology employed, in particular, apparatus, equipment, tools, materials.
Ex: The extent of application of the synthetic devices will vary from one library to another.Ex: Synonyms, related terms and other variants must now be collected, either by human selection, or with the aid of the machine.Ex: In his book's section ' Watchamacallit' he forecasts that communication between user and machine will be through voice for entering text and a pen-like device for pointing.Ex: The article is entitled 'Exhibits in the American Pavilion at the 1958 Brussels World's Fair: women's clothing, men's gadgets, hot dogs and haute couture'.Ex: The term widget is taken from the 1963 movie, 'The Wheeler-Dealers'.Ex: An adjustable seating rig was used to create the three-dimensional shape of a static lounge chair.Ex: People want information available through the appliances they use in the mainstream of their daily lives.Ex: Data-capture units are light pens, and such units can be made available at various locations in the library for public consultation.Ex: If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.* aparato burocrático = bureaucratic apparatus.* aparato de aire acondicionado = air conditioner.* aparato de grabación = recorder.* aparato de informática del tamaño de la palma de la mano = palm computing device.* aparato de lectura = reading machine.* aparato del partido = party machinery.* aparato de medición = meter.* aparato de radio = radio set.* aparato de televisión = television set, TV set.* aparato de vídeo = videocassette recorder (VCR), home video recorder, video recorder.* aparato digestivo = gastrointestinal tract, digestive tract.* aparato eléctrico = electrical apparatus, power appliance.* aparato electrónico = electronic device.* aparato motorizado = motorised device.* aparato óptico = optical device.* aparato para el uso de la información = information appliance.* aparato para usar Internet = Internet appliance.* aparato político = machine politics.* aparato propagandista = propaganda machine.* aparatos = gadgetry, mechanical equipment.* aparatos de vídeo = video equipment.* aparatos eléctricos = electrical equipment, electrical appliances, appliances, household appliances.* aparatos eléctricos del hogar = home appliances, domestic appliances, home appliances.* aparatos electrónicos = electronic(s) appliances.* aparato urinario = urinary tract.* zona con aparatos electrónicos = equipment area.* * *A1(máquina): tiene la cocina llena de aparatos eléctricos the kitchen is full of electrical appliancesese tipo de análisis requiere aparatos especiales that type of test requires special equipmentuno de esos aparatos para hacer zumo one of those juicer machinesel aparato para tomarte la tensión the apparatus for taking your blood pressure2 (de televisión) set, receiver; (de radio) receiverB (para gimnasia) piece of apparatuslos aparatos the apparatus, the equipmentCompuesto:rowing machineC1 (audífono) tbaparato auditivo hearing aid2 ( Odont) tbD (teléfono) telephoneponerse al aparato to come to the phone¡al aparato! speaking!F (estructura, sistema) machineel aparato del partido the party machineel aparato represivo montado por la dictadura the machinery of repression set up under the dictatorshipG1 (ceremonia) pompfue recibido con mucho aparato he was received with great pomp (and ceremony)todo el aparato que acompañó a la boda del príncipe all the pageantry which accompanied the prince's weddingH ( fam euf) (pene) thing ( colloq), weenie ( AmE colloq), willy ( BrE colloq); (genitales masculinos) equipment ( euph)Compuestos:circulatory systemcritical apparatusdigestive systemthunder and lightninguna fuerte tormenta acompañada de gran aparato eléctrico a heavy thunderstormsurgical appliancerespiratory system* * *
aparato sustantivo masculino
1a) ( máquina):
aparatos eléctricos electrical appliances
( de radio) receiver
aparato auditivo hearing aidd) (Odont) tb
2 ( para gimnasia) piece of apparatus;
3 (frml) ( avión) aircraft
4 (estructura, sistema) machine;
aparato circulatorio/digestivo/respiratorio circulatory/digestive/respiratory system
aparato sustantivo masculino
1 (piece of) apparatus
(dispositivo) device
(instrumento) instrument
aparato de radio/televisión, radio/television set
2 Med system
aparato reproductor, reproductive system
3 (lujo, pompa) display, pomp
4 fam (teléfono) phone: ponte al aparato, come to the phone
5 (corrector de los dientes) braces
6 (señal que acompaña a un suceso) fue una tormenta con mucho aparato eléctrico, it was a storm with lots of thunder and lightning
7 (grupo que decide en una organización, Estado, etc) machine
' aparato' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bloquear
- cable
- chisme
- deshecha
- deshecho
- escacharrarse
- escénica
- escénico
- esfera
- extensor
- extensora
- frigoría
- ingenio
- joder
- lector
- lectora
- palanca
- probar
- programar
- radio
- registrador
- registradora
- sensibilidad
- sensible
- simulador
- simuladora
- soldador
- soldadora
- trastorno
- vídeo
- ala
- arreglar
- artilugio
- asador
- aspirar
- bip
- cacharro
- cámara
- carcacha
- carcasa
- cocina
- compact disc
- cuatrapearse
- dañar
- descomponer
- descompuesto
- desconectar
- digestivo
- digital
- dispositivo
English:
apparatus
- balance
- brace
- built-in
- damage
- detector
- device
- disconnect
- domestic
- fax
- foolproof
- hire
- life-support
- machine
- machinery
- mechanics
- misuse
- perform
- radio set
- scrambler
- set
- setting
- television (set)
- time-saving
- toilet
- transmitter
- try
- useful
- video
- walkie-talkie
- watch
- wire
- appliance
- calipers
- gadget
- system
- two
- widget
* * *aparato nm1. [máquina] machine;[electrodoméstico] appliance;compró un aparato para medir el viento she bought a device to measure the wind speedaparato de diálisis dialysis machine;aparatos eléctricos electrical appliances;aparatos electrónicos electronic devices;aparatos de laboratorio laboratory apparatus;aparato de radio radio;aparato de televisión television set;aparato de vídeo video recorder2. [teléfono]¿quién está al aparato? who's speaking?;¡al aparato! speaking!3. [avión] plane4. [prótesis] aid;[para dientes] braces, Br brace aparato para sordos hearing aid5. [en gimnasia] [en competición, escuela] piece of apparatus;[en gimnasio privado] exercise machine aparatos gimnásticos [en competición, escuela] apparatus;aparato de remo rowing machineaparato digestivo digestive system;aparato excretor excretory system;aparato genital genitalia, genitals;aparato locomotor locomotor system;aparato olfativo olfactory system;aparato reproductor reproductive system;aparato respiratorio respiratory system;aparato urinario urinary tract;aparato visual visual systemel aparato del partido [altos mandos] the party leadership;[organización] the party machinery;el aparato represivo the machinery of repression8. [ostentación] pomp, ostentation;una boda con gran aparato a wedding with a lot of pomp and ceremonyuna tormenta con impresionante aparato eléctrico a storm with an impressive display of thunder and lightning* * *m1 piece of equipment; doméstico appliance;al aparato TELEC speaking2 BIO, ANAT system* * *aparato nm1) : machine, appliance, apparatusaparato auditivo: hearing aidaparato de televisión: television set2) : systemaparato digestivo: digestive system3) : display, ostentationsin aparato: without ceremony4) aparatos nmpl: braces (for the teeth)* * *aparato n1. (mecanismo) device / thing2. (doméstico) appliance3. (televisión, radio) set4. (conjunto de órganos) system5. (de gimnasio) a piece of apparatus6. (para los dientes) brace -
14 электрокар
1) General subject: float2) Engineering: accumulator car, battery vehicle, battery-driven truck, battery-operated truck, car, electric cart, electric delivery truck, electric truck, electrocar, mule, power truck, storage-battery car, storage-battery truck3) Metallurgy: general utility truck4) Astronautics: battery truck, battery-powered truck5) Power engineering: accumulator capture, storage-battery capture6) Makarov: power ruck7) Tengiz: fork-lift truck8) Aluminium industry: electric vehicle9) Electrical engineering: (аккумуляторная) electric truck, (аккумуляторная) power truck, (аккумуляторная) storage battery truck -
15 conquista
f.1 conquest.2 pickup, casual acquaintance made in hope of having a sexual relationship, casual sexual acquaintance, bit of stuff.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: conquistar.imperat.2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: conquistar.* * *1 conquest\hacer una conquista (amorosa) to make a conquest* * *noun f.* * *SF conquestir de conquista — (fig) to be dressed to kill
* * *1) ( acción)a) (de territorio, pueblo) conquestir or salir a la conquista de algo — to set out to conquer something
b) (de victoria, fama)se lanzó a la conquista del éxito/de la medalla — she set out to achieve success/to win the medal
c) la Conquista (Hist) the Spanish conquest ( of America)2) ( logro) achievement3) (fam) ( amorosa) conquestsalir de conquista — to go out on the make (AmE) o (BrE) pickup (colloq)
4) (AmS period) (Dep) goal* * *= conquest, bedroom conquest.Ex. It is said that Alexander perfected the staff concept during his conquest of Macedonia.Ex. Again and again, the author races past important events in Evans' life in order to dwell on all his bedroom conquests and juvenile hijinks.----* conquista amorosa = bedroom conquest.* * *1) ( acción)a) (de territorio, pueblo) conquestir or salir a la conquista de algo — to set out to conquer something
b) (de victoria, fama)se lanzó a la conquista del éxito/de la medalla — she set out to achieve success/to win the medal
c) la Conquista (Hist) the Spanish conquest ( of America)2) ( logro) achievement3) (fam) ( amorosa) conquestsalir de conquista — to go out on the make (AmE) o (BrE) pickup (colloq)
4) (AmS period) (Dep) goal* * *= conquest, bedroom conquest.Ex: It is said that Alexander perfected the staff concept during his conquest of Macedonia.
Ex: Again and again, the author races past important events in Evans' life in order to dwell on all his bedroom conquests and juvenile hijinks.* conquista amorosa = bedroom conquest.* * *A (acción)1 (de un territorio, un pueblo) conquestir or salir a la conquista de nuevas tierras/del Everest to set out to conquer new territories/Everestla conquista del espacio the conquest of spacelanzarse a la conquista del mercado to set out to capture the market2(de una victoria, la fama): el equipo salió a la conquista de la medalla de oro the team set out to win the gold medalse lanzó a la conquista del éxito/de la fama she set out to achieve success/fame3la Conquista de México/del Perú the conquest of Mexico/PeruB (logro) achievementC1 ( fam) (de un amante) conquestsiempre está alardeando de sus conquistas amorosas he is always boasting about his conquestssalieron de conquista they went out trying to pick up women ( colloq)* * *
Del verbo conquistar: ( conjugate conquistar)
conquista es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
conquista
conquistar
conquista sustantivo femenino
conquistar ( conjugate conquistar) verbo transitivo
‹ mercado› to capture
‹éxito/fama› to achieve
‹persona/público› to captivate;
‹ corazón› to capture;
conquista sustantivo femenino
1 (dominación de un territorio) conquest: la conquista del espacio, the conquest of space
2 (logro mediante esfuerzo y habilidad, un ligue) conquests, seduction, success in love: son sus conquistas de verano, they're her summer conquests
conquistar verbo transitivo
1 (territorios) to conquer: conquistamos la cima al atardecer, we reached the summit at dusk
2 (a una persona) to win over: la conquisté con mi gran encanto, I seduced her with my great charm
3 figurado (puesto, título) to win: conquistó el título después de una carrera impresionante, he achieved the position after an impressive career
' conquista' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
consagración
- conquistador
- levante
English:
conquest
- capture
* * *conquista nf1. [de tierras] conquest;[de castillo] capture;la conquista del poder the winning of power;la conquista de nuevos clientes the winning of new customersla conquista de América the conquest of America;la conquista del espacio the conquest of space2. [de libertad, derecho] winning;la conquista del voto the winning of the vote;una de las grandes conquistas de los sindicatos one of the great achievements of the trade unions3. [premio, medalla, título] victory;lucharon por la conquista del segundo puesto they battled for second place;una nueva conquista del Libertadores another victory for Libertadores4. [amorosa] conquest;va presumiendo de sus conquistas amorosas he goes around boasting about his conquests;llegó a la fiesta con su última conquista he arrived at the party with his latest conquest* * *f conquest* * *conquista nf: conquest* * *conquista n conquest -
16 Empire, Portuguese overseas
(1415-1975)Portugal was the first Western European state to establish an early modern overseas empire beyond the Mediterranean and perhaps the last colonial power to decolonize. A vast subject of complexity that is full of myth as well as debatable theories, the history of the Portuguese overseas empire involves the story of more than one empire, the question of imperial motives, the nature of Portuguese rule, and the results and consequences of empire, including the impact on subject peoples as well as on the mother country and its society, Here, only the briefest account of a few such issues can be attempted.There were various empires or phases of empire after the capture of the Moroccan city of Ceuta in 1415. There were at least three Portuguese empires in history: the First empire (1415-1580), the Second empire (1580-1640 and 1640-1822), and the Third empire (1822-1975).With regard to the second empire, the so-called Phillipine period (1580-1640), when Portugal's empire was under Spanish domination, could almost be counted as a separate era. During that period, Portugal lost important parts of its Asian holdings to England and also sections of its colonies of Brazil, Angola, and West Africa to Holland's conquests. These various empires could be characterized by the geography of where Lisbon invested its greatest efforts and resources to develop territories and ward off enemies.The first empire (1415-1580) had two phases. First came the African coastal phase (1415-97), when the Portuguese sought a foothold in various Moroccan cities but then explored the African coast from Morocco to past the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. While colonization and sugar farming were pursued in the Atlantic islands, as well as in the islands in the Gulf of Guinea like São Tomé and Príncipe, for the most part the Portuguese strategy was to avoid commitments to defending or peopling lands on the African continent. Rather, Lisbon sought a seaborne trade empire, in which the Portuguese could profit from exploiting trade and resources (such as gold) along the coasts and continue exploring southward to seek a sea route to Portuguese India. The second phase of the first empire (1498-1580) began with the discovery of the sea route to Asia, thanks to Vasco da Gama's first voyage in 1497-99, and the capture of strong points, ports, and trading posts in order to enforce a trade monopoly between Asia and Europe. This Asian phase produced the greatest revenues of empire Portugal had garnered, yet ended when Spain conquered Portugal and commanded her empire as of 1580.Portugal's second overseas empire began with Spanish domination and ran to 1822, when Brazil won her independence from Portugal. This phase was characterized largely by Brazilian dominance of imperial commitment, wealth in minerals and other raw materials from Brazil, and the loss of a significant portion of her African and Asian coastal empire to Holland and Great Britain. A sketch of Portugal's imperial losses either to native rebellions or to imperial rivals like Britain and Holland follows:• Morocco (North Africa) (sample only)Arzila—Taken in 1471; evacuated in 1550s; lost to Spain in 1580, which returned city to a sultan.Ceuta—Taken in 1415; lost to Spain in 1640 (loss confirmed in 1668 treaty with Spain).• Tangiers—Taken in 15th century; handed over to England in 1661 as part of Catherine of Braganza's dowry to King Charles II.• West Africa• Fort/Castle of São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (in what is now Ghana)—Taken in 1480s; lost to Holland in 1630s.• Middle EastSocotra-isle—Conquered in 1507; fort abandoned in 1511; used as water resupply stop for India fleet.Muscat—Conquered in 1501; lost to Persians in 1650.Ormuz—Taken, 1505-15 under Albuquerque; lost to England, which gave it to Persia in the 17th century.Aden (entry to Red Sea) — Unsuccessfully attacked by Portugal (1513-30); taken by Turks in 1538.• India• Ceylon (Sri Lanka)—Taken by 1516; lost to Dutch after 1600.• Bombay—Taken in 16th century; given to England in 1661 treaty as part of Catherine of Braganza's dowry for Charles II.• East Indies• Moluccas—Taken by 1520; possession confirmed in 1529 Saragossa treaty with Spain; lost to Dutch after 1600; only East Timor remaining.After the restoration of Portuguese independence from Spain in 1640, Portugal proceeded to revive and strengthen the Anglo- Portuguese Alliance, with international aid to fight off further Spanish threats to Portugal and drive the Dutch invaders out of Brazil and Angola. While Portugal lost its foothold in West Africa at Mina to the Dutch, dominion in Angola was consolidated. The most vital part of the imperial economy was a triangular trade: slaves from West Africa and from the coasts of Congo and Angola were shipped to plantations in Brazil; raw materials (sugar, tobacco, gold, diamonds, dyes) were sent to Lisbon; Lisbon shipped Brazil colonists and hardware. Part of Portugal's War of Restoration against Spain (1640-68) and its reclaiming of Brazil and Angola from Dutch intrusions was financed by the New Christians (Jews converted to Christianity after the 1496 Manueline order of expulsion of Jews) who lived in Portugal, Holland and other low countries, France, and Brazil. If the first empire was mainly an African coastal and Asian empire, the second empire was primarily a Brazilian empire.Portugal's third overseas empire began upon the traumatic independence of Brazil, the keystone of the Lusitanian enterprise, in 1822. The loss of Brazil greatly weakened Portugal both as a European power and as an imperial state, for the scattered remainder of largely coastal, poor, and uncolonized territories that stretched from the bulge of West Africa to East Timor in the East Indies and Macau in south China were more of a financial liability than an asset. Only two small territories balanced their budgets occasionally or made profits: the cocoa islands of São Tomé and Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea and tiny Macau, which lost much of its advantage as an entrepot between the West and the East when the British annexed neighboring Hong Kong in 1842. The others were largely burdens on the treasury. The African colonies were strapped by a chronic economic problem: at a time when the slave trade and then slavery were being abolished under pressures from Britain and other Western powers, the economies of Guinea- Bissau, São Tomé/Príncipe, Angola, and Mozambique were totally dependent on revenues from the slave trade and slavery. During the course of the 19th century, Lisbon began a program to reform colonial administration in a newly rejuvenated African empire, where most of the imperial efforts were expended, by means of replacing the slave trade and slavery, with legitimate economic activities.Portugal participated in its own early version of the "Scramble" for Africa's interior during 1850-69, but discovered that the costs of imperial expansion were too high to allow effective occupation of the hinterlands. After 1875, Portugal participated in the international "Scramble for Africa" and consolidated its holdings in west and southern Africa, despite the failure of the contra-costa (to the opposite coast) plan, which sought to link up the interiors of Angola and Mozambique with a corridor in central Africa. Portugal's expansion into what is now Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe (eastern section) in 1885-90 was thwarted by its oldest ally, Britain, under pressure from interest groups in South Africa, Scotland, and England. All things considered, Portugal's colonizing resources and energies were overwhelmed by the African empire it possessed after the frontier-marking treaties of 1891-1906. Lisbon could barely administer the massive area of five African colonies, whose total area comprised about 8 percent of the area of the colossal continent. The African territories alone were many times the size of tiny Portugal and, as of 1914, Portugal was the third colonial power in terms of size of area possessed in the world.The politics of Portugal's empire were deceptive. Lisbon remained obsessed with the fear that rival colonial powers, especially Germany and Britain, would undermine and then dismantle her African empire. This fear endured well into World War II. In developing and keeping her potentially rich African territories (especially mineral-rich Angola and strategically located Mozambique), however, the race against time was with herself and her subject peoples. Two major problems, both chronic, prevented Portugal from effective colonization (i.e., settling) and development of her African empire: the economic weakness and underdevelopment of the mother country and the fact that the bulk of Portuguese emigration after 1822 went to Brazil, Venezuela, the United States, and France, not to the colonies. These factors made it difficult to consolidate imperial control until it was too late; that is, until local African nationalist movements had organized and taken the field in insurgency wars that began in three of the colonies during the years 1961-64.Portugal's belated effort to revitalize control and to develop, in the truest sense of the word, Angola and Mozambique after 1961 had to be set against contemporary events in Europe, Africa, and Asia. While Portugal held on to a backward empire, other European countries like Britain, France, and Belgium were rapidly decolonizing their empires. Portugal's failure or unwillingness to divert the large streams of emigrants to her empire after 1850 remained a constant factor in this question. Prophetic were the words of the 19th-century economist Joaquim Oliveira Martins, who wrote in 1880 that Brazil was a better colony for Portugal than Africa and that the best colony of all would have been Portugal itself. As of the day of the Revolution of 25 April 1974, which sparked the final process of decolonization of the remainder of Portugal's third overseas empire, the results of the colonization program could be seen to be modest compared to the numbers of Portuguese emigrants outside the empire. Moreover, within a year, of some 600,000 Portuguese residing permanently in Angola and Mozambique, all but a few thousand had fled to South Africa or returned to Portugal.In 1974 and 1975, most of the Portuguese empire was decolonized or, in the case of East Timor, invaded and annexed by a foreign power before it could consolidate its independence. Only historic Macau, scheduled for transfer to the People's Republic of China in 1999, remained nominally under Portuguese control as a kind of footnote to imperial history. If Portugal now lacked a conventional overseas empire and was occupied with the challenges of integration in the European Union (EU), Lisbon retained another sort of informal dependency that was a new kind of empire: the empire of her scattered overseas Portuguese communities from North America to South America. Their numbers were at least six times greater than that of the last settlers of the third empire.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Empire, Portuguese overseas
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17 presa
"socket;Steckdose;casquillo"* * *f grip, holdabbandonare la presa let gofare una presa presso corriere call a courierelectronics presa di corrente socketfig presa di possesso conquest, captureessere alle prese con qualcosa be grappling with something* * *presa s.f.1 ( il prendere) taking; catching; seizing: presa di posizione, position (o stand); il ministro ha assunto una presa di posizione contraria alla caccia, the minister has taken a stand against hunting; presa di possesso di una carica, taking over an office; presa di possesso di una casa, taking possession of a house // ci fu una presa di contatto tra le due delegazioni, contact was made between the two delegations // (inform.) presa di contatto, handshaking // (comm.): presa a domicilio, collection from residence; presa e consegna, collection and delivery // (Borsa) presa di beneficio, profit taking // presa in giro, leg-pull (o joke) // non ho presa su di lui, I have no hold over him // è alle prese con la giustizia, he's up against the law; venire alle prese con qlcu., qlco., to come to grips with s.o., sthg.; è tutta la mattina che sono alle prese con la nuova lavatrice, I've been struggling with the new washing machine all morning // far presa, ( di ancora) to hold, to bite, ( di cemento) to set; presa lenta, rapida, ( di cemento) slow, quick setting; non so se questa pianta farà presa, I don't know if this plant will take (root); questo argomento non fa presa sul pubblico, this subject has no grip (o hold) over the public; il terreno è scivoloso e le ruote non fanno presa, the ground is slippery and the wheels can't get a grip on it2 ( espugnazione, cattura) seizure, capture: la presa di una città, the capture (o taking) of a town; la presa di una fortezza, the seizure of a fortress; la presa della Bastiglia, the storming of the Bastille3 ( stretta) grasp, hold, grip; ( nella lotta) hold: ha una presa forte, he has a firm grip (o grasp); abbandonare la presa, to let go one's hold, (fig.) to give in; allentare la presa, to release one's hold4 (cinem.) take, shot: macchina da presa, camera; ripetere la presa, to retake // (tv) in (presa) diretta, live5 ( bottino di caccia) bag, kill7 ( a carte) trick8 (tecn.): presa d'acqua, water plug; presa d'aria, air intake // (mecc.): presa continua, constant mesh; presa di forza, power takeoff; presa di moto, drive; presa diretta, direct drive9 (elettr.) socket, tap, plug: presa ( di corrente) a muro, wall socket; presa ( di corrente) esterna, surface socket; presa ( di corrente) a incasso; flush socket // asta di presa, trolley pole // (tel.) presa di chiamata, calling jack* * *['presa]1. sf1) (gen) grip, (appiglio) hold, Lotta grip, holdallentare la presa (di qc) — to loosen one's grip o hold (on sth)
a presa rapida — (cemento) quick-setting
2) (conquista: di città) taking no pl, capture, Carte trick3) (pizzico: di sale, tabacco) pinch4) Cinemacchina da presa — cine camera Brit, movie camera Am
2.* * *['presa]sostantivo femminile1) (conquista) capture, takingla presa della Bastiglia — stor. the storming of the Bastille
2) (appiglio) handhold, grip, holdallentare la presa su qcs. — to relax o loosen one's grip on sth.
mantenere la presa su qcs. — to keep (a) hold of o on sth.
fare presa — fig. [ notizia] to catch on, to take hold
3) sport catch, hold; (del portiere) save4) gioc. (alle carte) trick5) (tenuta) grasp, grip, hold6) (solidificazione) settingcemento a presa rapida — quick-drying o quick-setting cement
7) el. plug, socket, outlet AE, tap AE8)9) cinem. take, shot•presa d'aria — air inlet o intake
presa di coscienza — consciousness raising, awareness
presa in giro — leg-pull, mocking, teasing
presa di terra — el. earth BE, ground AE
••essere alle -e con — to be caught up in [lavoro, difficoltà, problema]
venire alle -e con qcs. — to come to grips with sth
* * *presa/'presa/sostantivo f.2 (appiglio) handhold, grip, hold; allentare la presa su qcs. to relax o loosen one's grip on sth.; lasciare la presa to let go; mantenere la presa su qcs. to keep (a) hold of o on sth.; fare presa fig. [ notizia] to catch on, to take hold3 sport catch, hold; (del portiere) save5 (tenuta) grasp, grip, hold7 el. plug, socket, outlet AE, tap AE8 una presa di tabacco a pinch of snuff9 cinem. take, shot; in presa diretta liveessere alle -e con to be caught up in [lavoro, difficoltà, problema]; venire alle -e con qcs. to come to grips with sth.\presa d'acqua catchment; presa d'aria air inlet o intake; presa di coscienza consciousness raising, awareness; presa in giro leg-pull, mocking, teasing; presa di posizione stance; presa di possesso seizure; presa di terra el. earth BE, ground AE. -
18 Historical Portugal
Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims inPortugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and theChurch (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict untilUN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU. -
19 anhelar
v.1 to long or wish for.anhelar hacer algo to long to do something2 to desire, to aspire after, to be sick for, to crave after.3 to yearn to, to desire to, to long to, to look forward to.4 to pine, to languish.* * *1 to long for, yearn for* * *verbto long for, yearn for* * *1.VT to long for, yearn foranhelar hacer algo — to be eager to do sth, long to do sth
2.VI (Med) to gasp, pant* * *verbo transitivo (liter) <fama/poder> to yearn for, to long foranhelar + inf — to long to + inf, yearn to + inf
* * *= itch for, long (for), crave, be more than ready for, gag for, covet, pine, lust (for/after/over), yearn, crave for.Ex. It seems like he's itching for a change but doesn't know exactly the direction or directions to pursue in order to accomplish the change.Ex. After you have chosen a story you long to tell, read it over and over and then analyse it.Ex. Mayo maintained that workers are motivated by 'togetherness' and crave individual recognition within the group = Mayo mantenía que los trabajadores se motivan por la solidaridad y anhelan el reconocimiento individual dentro del grupo.Ex. By the time the first Italian parliament was formed in 1861, Italy was more than ready for political union.Ex. Ireland is gagging for affordable broadband, according to a survey of 1400 net users.Ex. He coveted his brother's power and so started to spin a conspiracy in order to assassinate him and take his place both on the throne and on the wedding thalamus.Ex. The 2.1 km trail is perfect for working up a thirst - just long enough to make you feel like you got a bit of exercise, but short enough that you aren't pining for very long.Ex. These two women were Samaria and Jerusalem, lusting after foreigners and foreign ways, and abandoning their god for shallow and ephemeral pleasures.Ex. Since time immemorial, people have yearned for an immediate way to capture living moments in a picture.Ex. With all of the things that make up our daily grind, we often find ourselves craving for the next getaway, for the next relaxation period.----* anhelar ser = ache to be.* * *verbo transitivo (liter) <fama/poder> to yearn for, to long foranhelar + inf — to long to + inf, yearn to + inf
* * *= itch for, long (for), crave, be more than ready for, gag for, covet, pine, lust (for/after/over), yearn, crave for.Ex: It seems like he's itching for a change but doesn't know exactly the direction or directions to pursue in order to accomplish the change.
Ex: After you have chosen a story you long to tell, read it over and over and then analyse it.Ex: Mayo maintained that workers are motivated by 'togetherness' and crave individual recognition within the group = Mayo mantenía que los trabajadores se motivan por la solidaridad y anhelan el reconocimiento individual dentro del grupo.Ex: By the time the first Italian parliament was formed in 1861, Italy was more than ready for political union.Ex: Ireland is gagging for affordable broadband, according to a survey of 1400 net users.Ex: He coveted his brother's power and so started to spin a conspiracy in order to assassinate him and take his place both on the throne and on the wedding thalamus.Ex: The 2.1 km trail is perfect for working up a thirst - just long enough to make you feel like you got a bit of exercise, but short enough that you aren't pining for very long.Ex: These two women were Samaria and Jerusalem, lusting after foreigners and foreign ways, and abandoning their god for shallow and ephemeral pleasures.Ex: Since time immemorial, people have yearned for an immediate way to capture living moments in a picture.Ex: With all of the things that make up our daily grind, we often find ourselves craving for the next getaway, for the next relaxation period.* anhelar ser = ache to be.* * *anhelar [A1 ]vt( liter); ‹fama/gloria/poder› to yearn for, to long for anhelar + INF to long to + INF, yearn to + INFanhelaba llevar una vida tranquila she longed o yearned to lead a peaceful lifeanhelar QUE + SUBJ:anhelaba que su hijo fuera feliz his deepest desire o greatest wish was for his son to be happy* * *
anhelar ( conjugate anhelar) verbo transitivo (liter) ‹fama/poder› to yearn for, to long for;
anhelaba que su hijo fuera feliz his greatest wish was for his son to be happy
anhelar verbo transitivo to yearn for, to long for
' anhelar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
desear
- suspirar
English:
hanker
- itch
- long
- yearn
* * *anhelar vtto long for;un político que anhela poder a politician who is hungry for power;anhela tener su propia casa she longs to have a house of her own;anhelan que acabe la guerra they are longing for the war to end* * *v/t long for* * *anhelar vt: to yearn for, to crave -
20 centro
m.1 center.centro de atracción center of attractioncentro de gravedad center of gravitycentro de interés center of interestcentro de mesa centerpiececentro nervioso nerve centercentro óptico optic center2 center (establecimiento).centro de cálculo computer centercentro cívico community centercentro docente o de enseñanza educational institutioncentro recreativo leisure center3 city/town center.me voy al centro I'm going to towncentro ciudad o urbano city/town center (en letrero)4 center of the city, downtown, city centre.5 Centro.6 centrum.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: centrar.* * *1 centre (US center), middle2 (de ciudad) town centre, city centre, US downtown area■ me voy al centro I'm going into town, US I'm going downtown3 (asociación) centre (US center), association, institution4 DEPORTE cross, centre (US center)5 PLÍTICA centre (US center)\centro benéfico charitable organizationcentro ciudad city centre, US downtown areacentro comercial shopping centre, US mallcentro cultural cultural centre (US center)centro de atracción centre (US center) of attractioncentro de enseñanza educational institutioncentro de gravedad centre of gravitycentro de interés centre (US center) of interestcentro de mesa centrepiece (US centerpiece)centro docente educational institutioncentro sanitario hospital, clinicmedio centro DEPORTE centre (US center) halfpartido de centro PLÍTICA centre (US center) party* * *noun m.1) center2) downtown* * *1. SM1) (=medio) centre, center (EEUU)las regiones del centro del país — the central areas of the country, the areas in the centre of the country
pon el jarrón en el centro de la mesa — put the vase in the middle o centre of the table
2) [de ciudad] centre, center (EEUU)no se puede aparcar en el centro — you can't park in the centre (of town), you can't park downtown (EEUU)
un edificio del centro de Madrid — a building in the centre of Madrid o in Madrid town centre o (EEUU) in downtown Madrid
centro ciudad — city centre, town centre
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ir al centro — to go into town, go downtown (EEUU)3) (Pol) centre, center (EEUU)ser de centro — [persona] to be a moderate; [partido] to be in the centre
los partidos de centro izquierda — the parties of the centre left, the centre-left parties
4) (=foco) [de huracán] centre, center (EEUU); [de incendio] seatha sido el centro de varias polémicas últimamente — he has been at the centre o heart of various controversies lately
el gobierno se ha convertido en el centro de las críticas — the government has become the target of criticism
Zaire fue el centro del interés internacional — Zaire was the focus of o was at the centre of international attention
•
ser el centro de las miradas, Roma es estos días el centro de todas las miradas — all eyes are on Rome at the moment5) (=establecimiento) centre, center (EEUU)dos alumnos han sido expulsados del centro — two students have been expelled from the school o centre
centro comercial — shopping centre, shopping mall
centro cultural — [en un barrio, institución] (local) arts centre; [de otro país] cultural centre
centro de abasto — Méx market
centro de acogida, centro de acogida de menores — children's home
centro de coordinación — [de la policía] operations room
centro (de determinación) de costos — (Com) cost centre
centro de enseñanza — [gen] educational institution; (=colegio) school
centro de enseñanza media, centro de enseñanza secundaria — secondary school
centro de jardinería — garden centre, garden center (EEUU)
centro de rastreo — (Astron) tracking centre
centro médico — [gen] medical establishment; (=hospital) hospital
centro penitenciario — prison, penitentiary (EEUU)
centro recreacional — Cuba, Ven sports centre, leisure centre
centro sanitario — = centro médico
centro universitario — (=facultad) faculty; (=universidad) university
6) (=población)centro turístico — (=lugar muy visitado) tourist centre; [diseñado para turistas] tourist resort
centro urbano — urban area, city
7) (=ropa) CAm (=juego) trousers and waistcoat, pants and vest (EEUU); And, Caribe (=enaguas) underskirt; And (=falda) thick flannel skirt2.SMF (Ftbl) centre•
delantero centro — centre-forward•
medio centro — centre-half* * *I1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•II1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•* * *= centre [center, -USA], core, hub, office, locus [loci, -pl.], focal point, operation, centrepoint [centerpoint, -USA], pivot.Ex. Over 3,000 such centres were set up, but most had closed by 1949.Ex. The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.Ex. And since the main entry is the hub and most exacting aspect of our cataloging process, its replacement by a title-unit entry would greatly simplify the problem and expedite the operation of cataloging.Ex. The principal sprang up from her chair and began to perambulate with swift, precise movements about her spacious office.Ex. The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.Ex. The library needs to be developed as the focal point of the community, a place where the public can drop in for all kinds of activities, not necessarily book-related or 'cultural'.Ex. When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.Ex. In our capacity as centerpoints for local activities, we may be equipped with card production equipment for producing catalog cards through the state division of OCLC.Ex. The use of decimal notation is seen as the pivot of Dewey's scheme and notational systems are analysed generally and compared with Dewey's.----* barrios pobres del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* biblioteca de centro penitenciario = prison library.* centro accesible mediante Telnet = Telnet-accesible site.* centro administrativo = administrative centre.* centro artístico = art(s) centre.* Centro Bibliotecario en Línea (OCLC) = OCLC (Online Computer Library Center).* centro cívico = civic centre.* centro comercial = shopping centre, shopping precinct, mall of shops, shopping mall, mall, outlet mall, plaza.* centro comunitario = village hall.* centro coordinador = focal point, switching point, coordinating centre, hub.* centro coordinador de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro cultural = cultural centre, cultural institution, cultural venue.* centro de acogida = runaway shelter, refuge, shelter, homeless shelter, shelter home.* centro de acogida de animales = animal shelter.* centro de acogida de mujeres = women's shelter.* centro de actividad = focal point.* centro de adquisiciones = acquisition centre.* centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.* centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.* centro de asesoramiento = counselling centre.* centro de asistencia social = welfare facility.* centro de atención = centre of attention, limelight, centrepiece [centerpiece, -USA], centre stage, focus of concern, focus of interest, focus of attention, focus.* centro de atención al ciudadano = advice centre.* centro de audio = audio centre.* centro de ayuda al empleo = job-help centre.* centro de barrio = neighbourhood centre.* centro de belleza = beauty centre.* centro de cálculo = computer centre, computing centre, central computing facility.* centro de catalogación = cataloguing department.* centro de computación = computing centre.* centro de comunicaciones = communications hub.* centro de congresos = conference centre, convention centre.* centro de control = locus of control, mission control.* centro de coordinación = re-routing centre.* centro de datos = data centre.* centro de deportes = sports centre.* centro de detención = detention centre.* centro de día = day care centre, day centre.* centro de día para mayores = day centre for the elderly.* centro de distribución = distribution centre.* Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).* centro de documentación = clearinghouse [clearing house], documentation centre, information centre, information unit, research centre.* centro de educación de adultos = adult learning centre, adult learner centre.* centro de educación infantil = early education centre.* centro de educación sanitaria = consumer health centre, consumer health information centre.* centro de, el = centre of, the.* centro de enseñanza = education centre.* centro de esquí artificial = dry ski centre.* centro de estudios = study centre.* Centro de Europa = Mitteleurope.* centro de gravedad = centre of gravity.* centro de información = information agency, information centre.* Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).* centro de información ciudadana = community information centre, neighbourhood information centre (NIC).* centro de información laboral = job information centre.* centro de información sectorial = sectoral information centre.* Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.* centro de investigación = research centre, research unit.* centro de jardinería = garden centre.* centro de la ciudad = central city, downtown, city centre.* centro de las ciencias = science centre.* centro del campo = halfway line.* centro de Londres = Inner London.* centro del pueblo = town centre.* centro del visitante = visitor's centre.* centro de material didáctico escolar = school resource centre.* centro de menores = young offender institution.* centro de mesa = epergne.* centro de ocio = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro de orientación = referral centre.* centro de planificación familiar = family planning clinic, planned parenthood centre.* centro deportivo = sports centre.* centro de proceso de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro de recepción de ovejas = sheep station.* centro de recepción y envío = shipping point.* centro de reciclado = recycling centre.* centro de recursos = resource centre.* centro de recursos multimedia = media resource centre.* centro de recursos para el aprendizaje (CRA) = learning hub, learning resource centre (LRC).* centro de referencia = reference centre.* centro de rehabilitación = rehabilitation clinic, rehabilitation centre.* centro de reinserción social = half-way house.* centro de salud = health centre.* centro de trabajo = workplace.* centro de vacaciones = resort, tourist resort.* centro de vacaciones costero = coastal resort, seaside resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro de veraneo = summer resort.* centro de veraneo costero = seaside resort, coastal resort.* centro educativo = educational centre.* centro electoral = polling district.* centro financiero = financial centre.* centro industrial = manufacturing centre.* centro informático = computing centre.* Centro Internacional para la Descripción Bibliográfica del UNISIST = UNIBID.* centro litúrgico = church centre.* centro multimedia = library media centre, media centre.* centro multimedia escolar = school media centre, school library media centre.* centro municipal de información = local authority information outlet.* Centro Nacional de Préstamos = National Lending Centre.* centro neurálgico = powerhouse, power engine.* centro neurálgico, el = nerve centre, the.* centro penitenciario = penitentiary.* centro piloto = pilot centre.* centro recreativo = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro regional = regional centre.* centro religioso = church centre.* centro social = community centre, village hall, social centre, drop-in centre, community hall.* centro social para veteranos de guerra = Veterans' centre.* centro turístico = tourist resort, resort, summer resort.* centro turístico costero = beachside resort, seaside resort, coastal resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro tutelar de menores = juvenile detention centre.* centro urbano = downtown, city centre, town centre.* conseguir ser el centro de atención = capture + spotlight, grab + the spotlight, grab + the limelight.* del centro = middle.* el centro de atención + ser = all eyes + be + on.* en el centro de = at the heart of.* en el mismo centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.* ir al centro = go + downtown.* justo en en centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* material del centro de recursos = resource centre material.* mesa de centro = coffee table.* mesita de centro = coffee table.* no tomándose a uno como el centro de referencia = ex-centric [excentric].* pasar a ser el centro de atención = take + centre stage.* pasar a ser el centro de atención = come into + focus.* período de prácticas en centros = practicum.* personal de un centro multimedia escolar = school media staff.* poner el centro de atención = put + focus.* ser el centro de atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show, cut + a dash.* ser el centro de todas las miradas = cut + a dash.* tomándose a uno como centro de referencia = centric.* un centro único = one stop shop.* visita a centros profesionales = study tour.* zona del centro = midsection [mid-section].* zona deprimida del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* * *I1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•II1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•* * *= centre [center, -USA], core, hub, office, locus [loci, -pl.], focal point, operation, centrepoint [centerpoint, -USA], pivot.Ex: Over 3,000 such centres were set up, but most had closed by 1949.
Ex: The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.Ex: And since the main entry is the hub and most exacting aspect of our cataloging process, its replacement by a title-unit entry would greatly simplify the problem and expedite the operation of cataloging.Ex: The principal sprang up from her chair and began to perambulate with swift, precise movements about her spacious office.Ex: The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.Ex: The library needs to be developed as the focal point of the community, a place where the public can drop in for all kinds of activities, not necessarily book-related or 'cultural'.Ex: When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.Ex: In our capacity as centerpoints for local activities, we may be equipped with card production equipment for producing catalog cards through the state division of OCLC.Ex: The use of decimal notation is seen as the pivot of Dewey's scheme and notational systems are analysed generally and compared with Dewey's.* barrios pobres del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* biblioteca de centro penitenciario = prison library.* centro accesible mediante Telnet = Telnet-accesible site.* centro administrativo = administrative centre.* centro artístico = art(s) centre.* Centro Bibliotecario en Línea (OCLC) = OCLC (Online Computer Library Center).* centro cívico = civic centre.* centro comercial = shopping centre, shopping precinct, mall of shops, shopping mall, mall, outlet mall, plaza.* centro comunitario = village hall.* centro coordinador = focal point, switching point, coordinating centre, hub.* centro coordinador de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro cultural = cultural centre, cultural institution, cultural venue.* centro de acogida = runaway shelter, refuge, shelter, homeless shelter, shelter home.* centro de acogida de animales = animal shelter.* centro de acogida de mujeres = women's shelter.* centro de actividad = focal point.* centro de adquisiciones = acquisition centre.* centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.* centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.* centro de asesoramiento = counselling centre.* centro de asistencia social = welfare facility.* centro de atención = centre of attention, limelight, centrepiece [centerpiece, -USA], centre stage, focus of concern, focus of interest, focus of attention, focus.* centro de atención al ciudadano = advice centre.* centro de audio = audio centre.* centro de ayuda al empleo = job-help centre.* centro de barrio = neighbourhood centre.* centro de belleza = beauty centre.* centro de cálculo = computer centre, computing centre, central computing facility.* centro de catalogación = cataloguing department.* centro de computación = computing centre.* centro de comunicaciones = communications hub.* centro de congresos = conference centre, convention centre.* centro de control = locus of control, mission control.* centro de coordinación = re-routing centre.* centro de datos = data centre.* centro de deportes = sports centre.* centro de detención = detention centre.* centro de día = day care centre, day centre.* centro de día para mayores = day centre for the elderly.* centro de distribución = distribution centre.* Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).* centro de documentación = clearinghouse [clearing house], documentation centre, information centre, information unit, research centre.* centro de educación de adultos = adult learning centre, adult learner centre.* centro de educación infantil = early education centre.* centro de educación sanitaria = consumer health centre, consumer health information centre.* centro de, el = centre of, the.* centro de enseñanza = education centre.* centro de esquí artificial = dry ski centre.* centro de estudios = study centre.* Centro de Europa = Mitteleurope.* centro de gravedad = centre of gravity.* centro de información = information agency, information centre.* Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).* centro de información ciudadana = community information centre, neighbourhood information centre (NIC).* centro de información laboral = job information centre.* centro de información sectorial = sectoral information centre.* Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.* centro de investigación = research centre, research unit.* centro de jardinería = garden centre.* centro de la ciudad = central city, downtown, city centre.* centro de las ciencias = science centre.* centro del campo = halfway line.* centro de Londres = Inner London.* centro del pueblo = town centre.* centro del visitante = visitor's centre.* centro de material didáctico escolar = school resource centre.* centro de menores = young offender institution.* centro de mesa = epergne.* centro de ocio = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro de orientación = referral centre.* centro de planificación familiar = family planning clinic, planned parenthood centre.* centro deportivo = sports centre.* centro de proceso de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro de recepción de ovejas = sheep station.* centro de recepción y envío = shipping point.* centro de reciclado = recycling centre.* centro de recursos = resource centre.* centro de recursos multimedia = media resource centre.* centro de recursos para el aprendizaje (CRA) = learning hub, learning resource centre (LRC).* centro de referencia = reference centre.* centro de rehabilitación = rehabilitation clinic, rehabilitation centre.* centro de reinserción social = half-way house.* centro de salud = health centre.* centro de trabajo = workplace.* centro de vacaciones = resort, tourist resort.* centro de vacaciones costero = coastal resort, seaside resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro de veraneo = summer resort.* centro de veraneo costero = seaside resort, coastal resort.* centro educativo = educational centre.* centro electoral = polling district.* centro financiero = financial centre.* centro industrial = manufacturing centre.* centro informático = computing centre.* Centro Internacional para la Descripción Bibliográfica del UNISIST = UNIBID.* centro litúrgico = church centre.* centro multimedia = library media centre, media centre.* centro multimedia escolar = school media centre, school library media centre.* centro municipal de información = local authority information outlet.* Centro Nacional de Préstamos = National Lending Centre.* centro neurálgico = powerhouse, power engine.* centro neurálgico, el = nerve centre, the.* centro penitenciario = penitentiary.* centro piloto = pilot centre.* centro recreativo = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro regional = regional centre.* centro religioso = church centre.* centro social = community centre, village hall, social centre, drop-in centre, community hall.* centro social para veteranos de guerra = Veterans' centre.* centro turístico = tourist resort, resort, summer resort.* centro turístico costero = beachside resort, seaside resort, coastal resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro tutelar de menores = juvenile detention centre.* centro urbano = downtown, city centre, town centre.* conseguir ser el centro de atención = capture + spotlight, grab + the spotlight, grab + the limelight.* del centro = middle.* el centro de atención + ser = all eyes + be + on.* en el centro de = at the heart of.* en el mismo centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.* ir al centro = go + downtown.* justo en en centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* material del centro de recursos = resource centre material.* mesa de centro = coffee table.* mesita de centro = coffee table.* no tomándose a uno como el centro de referencia = ex-centric [excentric].* pasar a ser el centro de atención = take + centre stage.* pasar a ser el centro de atención = come into + focus.* período de prácticas en centros = practicum.* personal de un centro multimedia escolar = school media staff.* poner el centro de atención = put + focus.* ser el centro de atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show, cut + a dash.* ser el centro de todas las miradas = cut + a dash.* tomándose a uno como centro de referencia = centric.* un centro único = one stop shop.* visita a centros profesionales = study tour.* zona del centro = midsection [mid-section].* zona deprimida del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* * *A1 ( Mat) center*2 (área central) center*en el centro de la habitación in the middle o center of the roomel terremoto afectó al centro del país the earthquake affected the central region o the center of the countrylos países del centro de Europa the countries of Central Europevive en pleno centro de la ciudad she lives right in the center of the town/citytengo que ir al centro a hacer unas compras I have to go downtown to do some shopping ( AmE), I have to go into town o into the town centre to do some shopping ( BrE)Compuestos:center* of gravitymidfieldcenterpiece*nerve center*center* of power(de una organización) nerve center*; (de una ciudad) heartB (foco)1 (de atención) center*ha sido el centro de todos los comentarios it has been the main talking pointfueron el centro de todas las miradas all eyes were on themse ha convertido estos días en el centro de interés it has become the focus of attention recentlyfue el centro de atracción durante la fiesta she was the center of attention at the partyha hecho de su marido el centro de su existencia she has centered her life around her husband2 (de actividades, servicios) center*centro administrativo administrative centerun gran centro cultural/industrial a major cultural/industrial centerCompuestos:center* of interest to touristscall center*operations center*, operations room ( BrE)urban center*, population center*holiday center*( AmL) leisure center*tourist resort o center*C (establecimiento, institución) center*el centro anglo-peruano the Anglo-Peruvian centerCompuestos:civic center*(en Esp) private school o college ( which receives a state subsidy)( Méx) marketcentro de acogidade animales abandonados animal sanctuarycentro de acogida de menores abandonados children's refugecentro de acogida para mujeres maltratadas refuge for battered womencentro de acogida de refugiados reception center* for refugeessupport center*primary care center*call center*user support center*help center*computer center*control center*conference center*coordination center*cost center*cultural center*detention center*spy headquartersprivate school, academymanagement center*information center*detention center*research center*, research establishmentspeech therapy clinic( Esp) high-tech leisure center*family planning clinicsports center*detention center*health center*service center*telecommunications center*space center*( frml); hospitalmedical center*( AmL) leisure center*leisure center*( frml); hospitalD ( Pol) center*E (en fútbol) tbcentro chut cross, center*F* * *
Del verbo centrar: ( conjugate centrar)
centro es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
centró es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
centrar
centro
centrar ( conjugate centrar) verbo transitivo
c) ‹atención/investigación/esfuerzos› centro algo en algo to focus sth on sth
verbo intransitivo (Dep) to center( conjugate center), cross
centrarse verbo pronominal centrose en algo [investigación/atención/esfuerzos] to focus o center( conjugate center) on sth
centro sustantivo masculino
◊ centro ciudad/urbano downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE);
ser el centro de atención to be the center of attention;
se convirtió en el centro de interés it became the focus of attention;
centro turístico tourist resort o center;
centro comercial shopping mall (AmE), shopping centre (BrE);
centro de llamadas call center (AmE) o centre (BrE);
centro de planificación familiar family planning clinic
■ sustantivo masculino y femenino ( jugador) center( conjugate center);
centrar verbo transitivo
1 to centre, US center
2 (los esfuerzos, la atención) to concentrate, centre, US center
centro sustantivo masculino
1 middle, centre, US center
2 (de una ciudad) town centre
3 (institución) institution, centre, US center
4 Pol centre party
5 centro comercial, shopping centre
' centro' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ahorrar
- Cesid
- CIS
- ciudad
- consejo
- delantera
- delantero
- docente
- foco
- gravedad
- media
- medio
- mitad
- neurálgica
- neurálgico
- ombligo
- retención
- almendra
- base
- blanco
- comercial
- deportivo
- diana
- hacia
- hípico
- lejos
- mesa
- mismo
- para
- polo
- posta
- preescolar
- rematar
- retirado
- señalización
- señalizar
- trámite
English:
accessible
- barrage
- central
- centre
- centre forward
- city
- community centre
- core
- delay
- downtown
- garden centre
- heart
- hub
- inner city
- institute
- leisure centre
- mall
- middle
- out
- revolve
- ROTC
- run across
- shopping centre
- slap
- space-centre
- spotlight
- teaching centre
- town
- village hall
- walk about
- welfare centre
- call
- center
- clinic
- coffee
- community
- conference
- control
- facility
- focal
- focus
- garden
- health
- holiday
- home
- inner
- leisure
- midtown
- plaza
- polling
* * *centro nm1. [área, punto central] centre;en el centro de la vía in the middle of the track;estaba en el centro de la muchedumbre she was in the middle of the crowd;las lluvias afectarán al centro del país the rain will affect the central region o centre of the country;la jardinería es el centro de su existencia her life revolves around gardeningcentro de atención centre of attention;centro de atracción centre of attraction;las playas son el centro de atracción para el turismo beaches are the main tourist attraction;centro de gravedad centre of gravity;centro de interés centre of interest;Fís centro de masa centre of mass;centro de mesa centrepiece;centro nervioso nerve centre;también Fig centro neurálgico nerve centre; Fís centro óptico optical centre2. [de ciudad] town centre;me voy al centro I'm going to town;tengo una casa en pleno centro I have a house right in the town centre;centro histórico = old (part of) town3. [económico, administrativo] centre;un importante centro financiero/cultural an important financial/cultural centrecentro turístico tourist resort4. [establecimiento, organismo] centre;[planta] plant, factory; [tienda] branch; [colegio] school Esp centro de acogida reception centre; Esp centro de acogida para mujeres maltratadas refuge for battered women;centro asistencial de día day care centre;centro de atención telefónica call centre;centro de cálculo computer centre;centro cívico community centre;Am centro comunal community centre; Am centro comunitario community centre;centro concertado state-subsidized (private) school;centro de control control centre;centro cultural cultural centre;centro demográfico centre of population;centro deportivo sports centre;centro de desintoxicación detoxification centre o clinic;centro de detención detention centre;centro docente educational institution;centro educativo educational institution;centro de enseñanza educational institution;centro espacial space centre;centro de estudios academy, school;centro excursionista hill-walking club;centro hospitalario hospital;centro de información information centre;centro de investigación research institute;Esp Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas = government body responsible for conducting opinion polls, sociological surveys etc;centro de llamadas call centre;Mil centro de mando command centre;centro médico medical centre;centro meteorológico weather centre;centro de negocios business centre;centro penitenciario prison, US penitentiary;centro de planificación familiar family planning clinic;centro regional regional office;centro de rehabilitación rehabilitation centre;centro de salud clinic, Br health centre;centro sanitario clinic, Br health centre;centro social community centre;centro de trabajo workplace;Am centro de tratamiento intensivo intensive care unit5. [en política] centre;un partido de centro a centre party;ser de centro to be at the centre of the political spectrumjuega en el centro del campo he plays in midfieldenvió un centro al área contraria he crossed the ball into the opposition's penalty area;consiguió un espectacular gol con un centro chut he scored a spectacular goal with what was intended more as a cross than a shot* * *m1 center, Brcentre2 DEP cross* * *centro nmf: center (in sports)centro nm1) medio: centercentro de atención: center of attentioncentro de gravedad: center of gravity2) : downtown3)centro de mesa : centerpiece* * *centro n centre
См. также в других словарях:
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Power Rangers : L'Autre Galaxie — Séries télévisées par période / genre / origine Liste complète Power Rangers : L autre galaxie est le nom donné à la septième saison de la série américaine pour enfants Power Rangers. Cette saison, créée en 1999, est une adaptation de Seijū… … Wikipédia en Français
Power Rangers : l'autre galaxie — Séries télévisées par période / genre / origine Liste complète Power Rangers : L autre galaxie est le nom donné à la septième saison de la série américaine pour enfants Power Rangers. Cette saison, créée en 1999, est une adaptation de Seijū… … Wikipédia en Français
Power Rangers L'Autre Galaxie — Power Rangers : L autre galaxie Séries télévisées par période / genre / origine Liste complète Power Rangers : L autre galaxie est le nom donné à la septième saison de la série américaine pour enfants Power Rangers. Cette saison, créée en… … Wikipédia en Français
Power rangers : l'autre galaxie — Séries télévisées par période / genre / origine Liste complète Power Rangers : L autre galaxie est le nom donné à la septième saison de la série américaine pour enfants Power Rangers. Cette saison, créée en 1999, est une adaptation de Seijū… … Wikipédia en Français
Power Rangers S.P.D. — Power Rangers: SPD Autre titre francophone Power Rangers: Super Police Delta Titre original Power Rangers: Space Patrol Delta Genre Action Aventure Création Disney Toei Company Réalisation Greg Aronowitz Participants James Napier Kevin Duhaney… … Wikipédia en Français
capture — cap‧ture [ˈkæptʆə ǁ ər] verb [transitive] 1. COMMERCE to get something that previously belonged to one of your competitors: • Japanese firms have captured over 60% of the electronics market. 2. COMPUTING to put something such as information or a… … Financial and business terms
Capture — Cap ture, n. [L. capture, fr. caper to take: cf. F. capture. See {Caitiff}, and cf. {aptive}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of seizing by force, or getting possession of by superior power or by stratagem; as, the capture of an enemy, a vessel, or a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Power Rangers Mystic Force — Format Action/Adventure Fantasy Starring Firass Dirani … Wikipedia
Power Rangers Turbo — Format Action/Adventure Science fantasy Created by Haim Saban Shuki Levy … Wikipedia
Power Rangers Ninja Storm — Format Action/Adventure Fantasy Written by Douglas Sloan Ann Austen … Wikipedia